Titulo:

Brasicáceas y perspectivas de control biológico del insecto plaga Plutella xylostella (Lepidóptera: Plutellidae) utilizando Bacillus thuringiensis
.

Sumario:

La Plutella xylostella (L.) es un insecto plaga que afecta principalmente los cultivos de brasicáceas o crucíferas como el repollo, coliflor, brócoli y rábano, entre otros. Las limitaciones del rendimiento y calidad de estos cultivos se deben principalmente al difícil manejo de esta plaga. En la actualidad, para controlar la P. xylostella se utilizan insecticidas de síntesis química, como piretroides, carbamatos u organofosforados, los cuales tienen acción inmediata pero causan efectos adversos en la salud y en el ambiente. Adicionalmente, la ausencia de enemigos naturales capaces de controlar a sus poblaciones, y su resistencia a numerosos insecticidas convencionales hacen que este insecto se establezca rápidamente en áreas productoras de... Ver más

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spelling Brasicáceas y perspectivas de control biológico del insecto plaga Plutella xylostella (Lepidóptera: Plutellidae) utilizando Bacillus thuringiensis
Brasicaceas and perspectives of biological control of the insect Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) using Bacillus thuringiensis
La Plutella xylostella (L.) es un insecto plaga que afecta principalmente los cultivos de brasicáceas o crucíferas como el repollo, coliflor, brócoli y rábano, entre otros. Las limitaciones del rendimiento y calidad de estos cultivos se deben principalmente al difícil manejo de esta plaga. En la actualidad, para controlar la P. xylostella se utilizan insecticidas de síntesis química, como piretroides, carbamatos u organofosforados, los cuales tienen acción inmediata pero causan efectos adversos en la salud y en el ambiente. Adicionalmente, la ausencia de enemigos naturales capaces de controlar a sus poblaciones, y su resistencia a numerosos insecticidas convencionales hacen que este insecto se establezca rápidamente en áreas productoras de brasicáceas. Se calcula que los costos mundiales asociados al control de la P. xylostella, sumados a las pérdidas en la producción agrícola, están entre cuatro y cinco billones de dólares anuales. Se han propuesto alternativas seguras, efectivas y de menor impacto ambiental, como el control biológico, que permite la producción sostenible de los cultivos de brasicáceas. La industria agrícola y forestal reconoce a la bacteria entomopatógena Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) como una buena alternativa biológica a los insecticidas químicos, puesto que es inocua sobre el ambiente y su toxicidad es altamente selectiva, ligada a su estrecho rango de especificidad sobre diferentes insectos plaga de los órdenes Lepidóptera, Coleóptera y Díptera. En esta revisión se presentan las posibilidades actuales que se pueden emplear para el control de la P. xylostella utilizando modelos investigativos basados en ensayos biológicos con Bt. Dichas posibilidades buscan superar las desventajas existentes en relación con la plaga P. xylostella y los cultivos de brasicáceas, además de entender la fisiología de Bt bajo condiciones que permitan incrementar la eficacia en el control biológico.
Plutella xylostella (L.) is an insect pest that mainly affects the brasicaceae or crucifers crops such as cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, radish, inter alia. The limitations of the yield and the quality of these crops, is mainly directed to the management of this pest. At present, for the control of P. xylostella is used insecticides of chemical synthesis, such as pyrethroids, carbamates, organophosphates, which have immediate action, but cause adverse effects on health and the environment. In addition, the absence of natural enemies capable of controlling populations and the ability to be resistant to conventional insecticides, causes this insect to establish quickly in brasicaceae producing areas. Currently, global costs associated with the control of P. xylostella, along with losses in agricultural production, are estimated between four and five billion dollars per year. Safe and effective alternatives with less environmental impact such as biological control have been proposed, which allows the sustainable production of crucifers crops. The agricultural and forestry industry recognizes the entomopathogenic bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is the best biological option to insecticides, since it is innocuous to the environment and possesses a highly selective toxicity linked to its narrow range of specificity on different insects pest such as Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Diptera. This review presents the possibilities that can be used for the control of P. xylostella using the models based on biological tests with Bt. These possibilities seek to overcome the disadvantages that exist in relation to P. xylostella pest and the brasicaceas crops, besides understanding the physiology of Bt under conditions that allow to increase the effectiveness in the biological control.
Mena Guerrero, Julieth
Hernández Fernández, Javier
Integrated pest Management
chemical insecticides
Cry toxins
mortality
lc50
manejo integrado de plagas
insecticidas químicos
toxinas Cry
mortalidad
LC50
7
2
Artículo de revista
Journal article
2017-09-18T00:00:00Z
2017-09-18T00:00:00Z
2017-09-18
application/pdf
Universidad de Bogotá Jorge Tadeo Lozano
Revista Mutis
2256-1498
https://revistas.utadeo.edu.co/index.php/mutis/article/view/1245
10.21789/22561498.1245
https://doi.org/10.21789/22561498.1245
spa
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
7
22
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Chen, M., Chen, P., Pang, J., Lin, C., Hwang, C. y Tsen, H. (2014). The correlation of the presence and expression levels of Cry genes with the insecticidal activities against Plutella xylostella for Bacillus thuringiensis strains. Toxins, 6, 2453-2470.
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title Brasicáceas y perspectivas de control biológico del insecto plaga Plutella xylostella (Lepidóptera: Plutellidae) utilizando Bacillus thuringiensis
spellingShingle Brasicáceas y perspectivas de control biológico del insecto plaga Plutella xylostella (Lepidóptera: Plutellidae) utilizando Bacillus thuringiensis
Mena Guerrero, Julieth
Hernández Fernández, Javier
Integrated pest Management
chemical insecticides
Cry toxins
mortality
lc50
manejo integrado de plagas
insecticidas químicos
toxinas Cry
mortalidad
LC50
title_short Brasicáceas y perspectivas de control biológico del insecto plaga Plutella xylostella (Lepidóptera: Plutellidae) utilizando Bacillus thuringiensis
title_full Brasicáceas y perspectivas de control biológico del insecto plaga Plutella xylostella (Lepidóptera: Plutellidae) utilizando Bacillus thuringiensis
title_fullStr Brasicáceas y perspectivas de control biológico del insecto plaga Plutella xylostella (Lepidóptera: Plutellidae) utilizando Bacillus thuringiensis
title_full_unstemmed Brasicáceas y perspectivas de control biológico del insecto plaga Plutella xylostella (Lepidóptera: Plutellidae) utilizando Bacillus thuringiensis
title_sort brasicáceas y perspectivas de control biológico del insecto plaga plutella xylostella (lepidóptera: plutellidae) utilizando bacillus thuringiensis
title_eng Brasicaceas and perspectives of biological control of the insect Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) using Bacillus thuringiensis
description La Plutella xylostella (L.) es un insecto plaga que afecta principalmente los cultivos de brasicáceas o crucíferas como el repollo, coliflor, brócoli y rábano, entre otros. Las limitaciones del rendimiento y calidad de estos cultivos se deben principalmente al difícil manejo de esta plaga. En la actualidad, para controlar la P. xylostella se utilizan insecticidas de síntesis química, como piretroides, carbamatos u organofosforados, los cuales tienen acción inmediata pero causan efectos adversos en la salud y en el ambiente. Adicionalmente, la ausencia de enemigos naturales capaces de controlar a sus poblaciones, y su resistencia a numerosos insecticidas convencionales hacen que este insecto se establezca rápidamente en áreas productoras de brasicáceas. Se calcula que los costos mundiales asociados al control de la P. xylostella, sumados a las pérdidas en la producción agrícola, están entre cuatro y cinco billones de dólares anuales. Se han propuesto alternativas seguras, efectivas y de menor impacto ambiental, como el control biológico, que permite la producción sostenible de los cultivos de brasicáceas. La industria agrícola y forestal reconoce a la bacteria entomopatógena Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) como una buena alternativa biológica a los insecticidas químicos, puesto que es inocua sobre el ambiente y su toxicidad es altamente selectiva, ligada a su estrecho rango de especificidad sobre diferentes insectos plaga de los órdenes Lepidóptera, Coleóptera y Díptera. En esta revisión se presentan las posibilidades actuales que se pueden emplear para el control de la P. xylostella utilizando modelos investigativos basados en ensayos biológicos con Bt. Dichas posibilidades buscan superar las desventajas existentes en relación con la plaga P. xylostella y los cultivos de brasicáceas, además de entender la fisiología de Bt bajo condiciones que permitan incrementar la eficacia en el control biológico.
description_eng Plutella xylostella (L.) is an insect pest that mainly affects the brasicaceae or crucifers crops such as cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, radish, inter alia. The limitations of the yield and the quality of these crops, is mainly directed to the management of this pest. At present, for the control of P. xylostella is used insecticides of chemical synthesis, such as pyrethroids, carbamates, organophosphates, which have immediate action, but cause adverse effects on health and the environment. In addition, the absence of natural enemies capable of controlling populations and the ability to be resistant to conventional insecticides, causes this insect to establish quickly in brasicaceae producing areas. Currently, global costs associated with the control of P. xylostella, along with losses in agricultural production, are estimated between four and five billion dollars per year. Safe and effective alternatives with less environmental impact such as biological control have been proposed, which allows the sustainable production of crucifers crops. The agricultural and forestry industry recognizes the entomopathogenic bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is the best biological option to insecticides, since it is innocuous to the environment and possesses a highly selective toxicity linked to its narrow range of specificity on different insects pest such as Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Diptera. This review presents the possibilities that can be used for the control of P. xylostella using the models based on biological tests with Bt. These possibilities seek to overcome the disadvantages that exist in relation to P. xylostella pest and the brasicaceas crops, besides understanding the physiology of Bt under conditions that allow to increase the effectiveness in the biological control.
author Mena Guerrero, Julieth
Hernández Fernández, Javier
author_facet Mena Guerrero, Julieth
Hernández Fernández, Javier
topic Integrated pest Management
chemical insecticides
Cry toxins
mortality
lc50
manejo integrado de plagas
insecticidas químicos
toxinas Cry
mortalidad
LC50
topic_facet Integrated pest Management
chemical insecticides
Cry toxins
mortality
lc50
manejo integrado de plagas
insecticidas químicos
toxinas Cry
mortalidad
LC50
topicspa_str_mv manejo integrado de plagas
insecticidas químicos
toxinas Cry
mortalidad
LC50
citationvolume 7
citationissue 2
publisher Universidad de Bogotá Jorge Tadeo Lozano
ispartofjournal Revista Mutis
source https://revistas.utadeo.edu.co/index.php/mutis/article/view/1245
language spa
format Article
rights https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
references Benintende, G., López Meza, J., Cozzi, J. e Ibarra, J. (1999). Novel non-toxic isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis. Lett Appl Microbiol, 29, 151-155.
Bravo, A., Gill, S. y Soberón, M. (2007). Mode of action of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry and Cyt toxins and their potential for insect control. Toxicon, 49(4), 423-435.
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