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Natural Disaster, International Solidarity, and the Representation of Others. Lessons from Haiti
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UNIVERSIDAD DE SAN BUENAVENTURA |
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Colombia |
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Revista Internacional de Cooperación y Desarrollo |
| title |
Natural Disaster, International Solidarity, and the Representation of Others. Lessons from Haiti |
| spellingShingle |
Natural Disaster, International Solidarity, and the Representation of Others. Lessons from Haiti Zille, Túlio |
| title_short |
Natural Disaster, International Solidarity, and the Representation of Others. Lessons from Haiti |
| title_full |
Natural Disaster, International Solidarity, and the Representation of Others. Lessons from Haiti |
| title_fullStr |
Natural Disaster, International Solidarity, and the Representation of Others. Lessons from Haiti |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Natural Disaster, International Solidarity, and the Representation of Others. Lessons from Haiti |
| title_sort |
natural disaster, international solidarity, and the representation of others. lessons from haiti |
| description_eng |
This essay revisits the case of the earthquake that shook Port-au-Prince, Haiti—which completed ten years in January 2020—to discuss the enduring, and often unaccounted for, colonial links between representation and contemporary humanitarian practices that are present in different ways in both North-South (in this case, between US and Haiti) and South-South relations (Brazil-Haiti). Unlike conventional approaches to natural disasters, which tend to focus their object of study in one particular place and time, I would like to propose an approach that instead engages multiple spaces, temporalities and agencies. In the context of this critical approach, and as a background question, I invite us to ask: what does international solidarity mean? The result is a more complex lens with which to look at events that are likely to become more frequent, and to affect the socio-economically disadvantaged in disproportional numbers in the near future due to the climate crisis.
|
| author |
Zille, Túlio |
| author_facet |
Zille, Túlio |
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7 |
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1 |
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Núm. 1 , Año 2020 : Revista Internacional de Cooperación y Desarrollo |
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Universidad de San Buenaventura |
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Revista Internacional de Cooperación y Desarrollo |
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https://revistas.usb.edu.co/index.php/Cooperacion/article/view/4708 |
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eng |
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Article |
| rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
| references_eng |
AlterPresse. (2010, june 9). Haïti-Brésil: Lula dans le collimateur des Anti-MINUSTAH. AlterPresse. https://www.alterpresse.org/spip.php?article9591=#.X2O5vZNKiCc Atallah, D. G., Bacigalupe, G., & Repetto, P. (2019). Centering at the Margins: Critical Community Resilience Praxis. Journal of Humanistic Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022167818825305 Basilio, S. (2009, april 24). Último dia de MV Bill e Celso Athayde no Haiti.” CUFA - Central Única Das Favelas Blog. http://cufarealengo.blogspot.com/2009/04/mv-bill-e-celso-athayde-no-haiti.html Bhabha, H. K. (1994). The Location of Culture. Routledge. Bhatt, K., & Keane, G. (2015, june 29). 10 Reasons Why the UN Occupation of Haiti Must End. The Nation. https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/10-reasons-why-un-occupation-haiti-must-end/ Blanc, V., Galli, A. P., & Nunes, W. (2006). A Vida Na Linha De Tiro. Época 6(4). http://revistaepoca.globo.com/Revista/Epoca/0,,EDG72871-6009,00-A+VIDA+NA+LINHA+DE+TIRO.html Bloxham, A. (2010, march 25). George W Bush ‘wiped hand’ after shaking with Haitian. The Telegraph. https://bit.ly/3p7xBYM Bragon, R. (2004, december 3). Recebo Pressão Por Violência. Folha de S.Paulo Online. https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fsp/mundo/ft0312200401.htm Bulamah, R. (2010, january 14). You Have to Show Destruction. Pesquisadores da Unicamp no Haiti Blog. https://lacitadelle.wordpress.com/2010/01/14/o-civismo-e-a-criatividade/ Calegari, O. (2010a, january 13). Haiti: Estamos abandonados. Pesquisadores da Unicamp no Haiti Blog. https://lacitadelle.wordpress.com/2010/01/13/haiti-estamos-abandonados/ Calegari, O. (2010b, january 16). Povo impressionante. Pesquisadores da Unicamp no Haiti Blog. https://lacitadelle.wordpress.com/2010/01/16/povo-impressionante/ Cobham, R., & Collins, M. (1987). Watchers and Seekers: Creative Writing by Black Women in Britain. Women›s Press. Douzinas, C. (2007). Human Rights and Empire: the Political Philosophy of Cosmopolitanism. Routledge-Cavendish. Fassin, D. (2012). Humanitarian Reason: A Moral History of the Present. University of California Press. Feira, T. (2009, august 4). Globo, MV Bill E Haiti. 88.3 A voz do morro Blog. http://avozdomorro.blogspot.com/2009/08/globo-mv-bill-e-haiti.html Ferguson, J. (1990). The Anti-Politics Machine: Development, Depoliticization, and Bureaucratic Power in Lesotho. Cambridge University Press. Fischer, S. (2004). Modernity Disavowed: Haiti and the Cultures of Slavery in the Age of Revolution. Duke University Press. Folha de S. Paulo. (2011, january 11). Leia os últimos telegramas sobre o Brasil obitidos pela Folha. Folha de S. Paulo. http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/mundo/858818-leia-os-ultimos-telegramas-sobre-o-brasil-obtidos-pela-folha.shtml Galeano, E. (2009). Mirrors: Stories of Almost Everyone. Nation Books. Gomes, T. (2010, september 17). Morte de jovem haitiano gera novos protestos contra a MINUSTAH. Brasil de Fato. http://www.brasildefato.com.br/node/233 Gros, J. (2011). Anatomy of a Haitian Tragedy: When the Fury of Nature Meets the Debility of the State. Journal of Black Studies, 42(2), 131-157. Hallward, P. (2008). Damming the Flood: Haiti, Aristide, and the Politics of Containment. Verso. Hebreu, A. (2011, march 9). MV Bill fala sobre a visita que fez ao Haiti. Noticiário Periférico. http://www.noticiario-periferico.com/2010/01/mv-bill-fala-sobre-visita-que-fez-ao.html Herz, A. (2011, june 15). WikiLeaks Haiti: The Earthquake Cables. The Nation. https://www.thenation.com/article/wikileaks-haiti-earthquake-cables/ Klein, N. (2008). The Shock Doctrine: The Rise of Disaster Capitalism. Random House of Canada. Krakovics, F. (2004, december 3). Para Celso Amorim, Nações Ricas Têm Concepção Diferente Do Haiti. Folha de S.Paulo Online. https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fsp/mundo/ft0312200402.htm Lake, E. (2005, september 8). U.S. Rejects Cuban Aid, 20 Million Barrels of Iranian Oil. The Sun. http://www.nysun.com/national/us-rejects-cuban-aid-20-million-barrels/19761/ Latuff, C. [@LatuffCartoons]. (2015, march 12). It’s about time to discuss the presence of Brazilian troops in #Haiti. [Image attached] [tuit]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/LatuffCartoons/status/576181275368779776?s=20 Lessons from Haiti. (2012). Key Statistics. http://www.lessonsfromhaiti.org/lessons-from-haiti/key-statistics/ Lima, A. (2011). A Legitimação do Intelectual Negro no meio Acadêmico Brasileiro: Negação de Inferioridade Confronto ou Assimilação Intelectual. Afro-Ásia, (25-26), 281-312. Manzaneda, J. (2010, january 23). Médicos de Cuba en Haití: La solidaridad silenciada. Cubainformación.tv. https://cubainformacion.tv/especiales/20100122/13417/13417-medicos-de-cuba-en-haiti-la-solidaridad-silenciada. Müller, F., & Steinke, A. (2018). Criminalising encounters: MINUSTAH as a laboratory for armed humanitarian pacification, Global Crime, 19(3-4), 228-249, https://10.1080/17440572.2018.1498336 Mullings, B., Werner, M., & Peake, L. (2010). Fear and Loathing in Haiti: Race and Politics of Humanitarian Dispossession. ACME: An International E-Journal for Critical Geographies, 9(3), 282-300. New Oxford American Dictionary. (2019). Cordon sanitaire. In New Oxford American Dictionary for Apple. Oxford University Press. Orford, A. (2003). Reading Humanitarian Intervention: Human Rights and the Use of Force in International Law. Cambridge University Press. Roselló, T., & Fernández, M. (2010, november 11). Haití tiene que ser parte de Latinoamérica. Rebelión. http://www.rebelion.org/noticia.php?id=116462 Ruppenthal, T. (2007). Um Soldado Brasileiro No Haiti. Editorial Globo. Santos, D. (2010, january 17). Jean Milus Rocheman e Anil Saint Juste. Pesquisadores da Unicamp no Haiti Blog. https://lacitadelle.wordpress.com/2010/01/17/jean-milus-rocheman-e-anil-saint-juste/ Sheerin, J. (2016, november 2). US election 2016: What really happened with the Clintons in Haiti? BBC News. http://www.bbc.com/news/election-us-2016-37826098 Tharoor, I. (2016, may 13). Is it time for France to pay its real debt to Haiti? The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2015/05/13/does-france-owe-haiti-reparations/ Tomaz, R., & Jorge, C. (2010, january 20). Haiti, Que Ajuda? Pesquisadores da Unicamp no Haiti Blog. https://lacitadelle.wordpress.com/2010/01/20/haiti-que-ajuda/ Ulysse, G. (2015). Why Haiti Needs New Narratives: A Post-Quake Chronicle. Wesleyan University Press. WikiLeaks. (2010, january 20). Personally Engaging in Haiti. WikiLeaks. https://wikileaks.org/plusd/cables/10STATE5277_a.html Zanini, F. (2011, january 31). Mobilização anti-Brasil ecoa no pós-tremor. Folha de S.Paulo Online. http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fsp/mundo/ft3101201008.htm |
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Natural Disaster, International Solidarity, and the Representation of Others. Lessons from Haiti Natural Disaster, International Solidarity, and the Representation of Others. Lessons from Haiti This essay revisits the case of the earthquake that shook Port-au-Prince, Haiti—which completed ten years in January 2020—to discuss the enduring, and often unaccounted for, colonial links between representation and contemporary humanitarian practices that are present in different ways in both North-South (in this case, between US and Haiti) and South-South relations (Brazil-Haiti). Unlike conventional approaches to natural disasters, which tend to focus their object of study in one particular place and time, I would like to propose an approach that instead engages multiple spaces, temporalities and agencies. In the context of this critical approach, and as a background question, I invite us to ask: what does international solidarity mean? The result is a more complex lens with which to look at events that are likely to become more frequent, and to affect the socio-economically disadvantaged in disproportional numbers in the near future due to the climate crisis. Zille, Túlio 7 1 Núm. 1 , Año 2020 : Revista Internacional de Cooperación y Desarrollo Artículo de revista Journal article 2020-06-30T00:00:00Z 2020-06-30T00:00:00Z 2020-06-30 application/pdf text/html Universidad de San Buenaventura Revista Internacional de Cooperación y Desarrollo 2382-5014 https://revistas.usb.edu.co/index.php/Cooperacion/article/view/4708 10.21500/23825014.4708 https://doi.org/10.21500/23825014.4708 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. 48 61 AlterPresse. (2010, june 9). Haïti-Brésil: Lula dans le collimateur des Anti-MINUSTAH. AlterPresse. https://www.alterpresse.org/spip.php?article9591=#.X2O5vZNKiCc Atallah, D. G., Bacigalupe, G., & Repetto, P. (2019). Centering at the Margins: Critical Community Resilience Praxis. Journal of Humanistic Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022167818825305 Basilio, S. (2009, april 24). Último dia de MV Bill e Celso Athayde no Haiti.” CUFA - Central Única Das Favelas Blog. http://cufarealengo.blogspot.com/2009/04/mv-bill-e-celso-athayde-no-haiti.html Bhabha, H. K. (1994). The Location of Culture. Routledge. Bhatt, K., & Keane, G. (2015, june 29). 10 Reasons Why the UN Occupation of Haiti Must End. The Nation. https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/10-reasons-why-un-occupation-haiti-must-end/ Blanc, V., Galli, A. P., & Nunes, W. (2006). A Vida Na Linha De Tiro. Época 6(4). http://revistaepoca.globo.com/Revista/Epoca/0,,EDG72871-6009,00-A+VIDA+NA+LINHA+DE+TIRO.html Bloxham, A. (2010, march 25). George W Bush ‘wiped hand’ after shaking with Haitian. The Telegraph. https://bit.ly/3p7xBYM Bragon, R. (2004, december 3). Recebo Pressão Por Violência. Folha de S.Paulo Online. https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fsp/mundo/ft0312200401.htm Bulamah, R. (2010, january 14). You Have to Show Destruction. Pesquisadores da Unicamp no Haiti Blog. https://lacitadelle.wordpress.com/2010/01/14/o-civismo-e-a-criatividade/ Calegari, O. (2010a, january 13). Haiti: Estamos abandonados. Pesquisadores da Unicamp no Haiti Blog. https://lacitadelle.wordpress.com/2010/01/13/haiti-estamos-abandonados/ Calegari, O. (2010b, january 16). Povo impressionante. Pesquisadores da Unicamp no Haiti Blog. https://lacitadelle.wordpress.com/2010/01/16/povo-impressionante/ Cobham, R., & Collins, M. (1987). Watchers and Seekers: Creative Writing by Black Women in Britain. Women›s Press. Douzinas, C. (2007). Human Rights and Empire: the Political Philosophy of Cosmopolitanism. Routledge-Cavendish. Fassin, D. (2012). Humanitarian Reason: A Moral History of the Present. University of California Press. Feira, T. (2009, august 4). Globo, MV Bill E Haiti. 88.3 A voz do morro Blog. http://avozdomorro.blogspot.com/2009/08/globo-mv-bill-e-haiti.html Ferguson, J. (1990). The Anti-Politics Machine: Development, Depoliticization, and Bureaucratic Power in Lesotho. Cambridge University Press. Fischer, S. (2004). Modernity Disavowed: Haiti and the Cultures of Slavery in the Age of Revolution. Duke University Press. Folha de S. Paulo. (2011, january 11). Leia os últimos telegramas sobre o Brasil obitidos pela Folha. Folha de S. Paulo. http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/mundo/858818-leia-os-ultimos-telegramas-sobre-o-brasil-obtidos-pela-folha.shtml Galeano, E. (2009). Mirrors: Stories of Almost Everyone. Nation Books. Gomes, T. (2010, september 17). Morte de jovem haitiano gera novos protestos contra a MINUSTAH. Brasil de Fato. http://www.brasildefato.com.br/node/233 Gros, J. (2011). Anatomy of a Haitian Tragedy: When the Fury of Nature Meets the Debility of the State. Journal of Black Studies, 42(2), 131-157. Hallward, P. (2008). Damming the Flood: Haiti, Aristide, and the Politics of Containment. Verso. Hebreu, A. (2011, march 9). MV Bill fala sobre a visita que fez ao Haiti. Noticiário Periférico. http://www.noticiario-periferico.com/2010/01/mv-bill-fala-sobre-visita-que-fez-ao.html Herz, A. (2011, june 15). WikiLeaks Haiti: The Earthquake Cables. The Nation. https://www.thenation.com/article/wikileaks-haiti-earthquake-cables/ Klein, N. (2008). The Shock Doctrine: The Rise of Disaster Capitalism. Random House of Canada. Krakovics, F. (2004, december 3). Para Celso Amorim, Nações Ricas Têm Concepção Diferente Do Haiti. Folha de S.Paulo Online. https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fsp/mundo/ft0312200402.htm Lake, E. (2005, september 8). U.S. Rejects Cuban Aid, 20 Million Barrels of Iranian Oil. The Sun. http://www.nysun.com/national/us-rejects-cuban-aid-20-million-barrels/19761/ Latuff, C. [@LatuffCartoons]. (2015, march 12). It’s about time to discuss the presence of Brazilian troops in #Haiti. [Image attached] [tuit]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/LatuffCartoons/status/576181275368779776?s=20 Lessons from Haiti. (2012). Key Statistics. http://www.lessonsfromhaiti.org/lessons-from-haiti/key-statistics/ Lima, A. (2011). A Legitimação do Intelectual Negro no meio Acadêmico Brasileiro: Negação de Inferioridade Confronto ou Assimilação Intelectual. Afro-Ásia, (25-26), 281-312. Manzaneda, J. (2010, january 23). Médicos de Cuba en Haití: La solidaridad silenciada. Cubainformación.tv. https://cubainformacion.tv/especiales/20100122/13417/13417-medicos-de-cuba-en-haiti-la-solidaridad-silenciada. Müller, F., & Steinke, A. (2018). Criminalising encounters: MINUSTAH as a laboratory for armed humanitarian pacification, Global Crime, 19(3-4), 228-249, https://10.1080/17440572.2018.1498336 Mullings, B., Werner, M., & Peake, L. (2010). Fear and Loathing in Haiti: Race and Politics of Humanitarian Dispossession. ACME: An International E-Journal for Critical Geographies, 9(3), 282-300. New Oxford American Dictionary. (2019). Cordon sanitaire. In New Oxford American Dictionary for Apple. Oxford University Press. Orford, A. (2003). Reading Humanitarian Intervention: Human Rights and the Use of Force in International Law. Cambridge University Press. Roselló, T., & Fernández, M. (2010, november 11). Haití tiene que ser parte de Latinoamérica. Rebelión. http://www.rebelion.org/noticia.php?id=116462 Ruppenthal, T. (2007). Um Soldado Brasileiro No Haiti. Editorial Globo. Santos, D. (2010, january 17). Jean Milus Rocheman e Anil Saint Juste. Pesquisadores da Unicamp no Haiti Blog. https://lacitadelle.wordpress.com/2010/01/17/jean-milus-rocheman-e-anil-saint-juste/ Sheerin, J. (2016, november 2). US election 2016: What really happened with the Clintons in Haiti? BBC News. http://www.bbc.com/news/election-us-2016-37826098 Tharoor, I. (2016, may 13). Is it time for France to pay its real debt to Haiti? The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2015/05/13/does-france-owe-haiti-reparations/ Tomaz, R., & Jorge, C. (2010, january 20). Haiti, Que Ajuda? Pesquisadores da Unicamp no Haiti Blog. https://lacitadelle.wordpress.com/2010/01/20/haiti-que-ajuda/ Ulysse, G. (2015). Why Haiti Needs New Narratives: A Post-Quake Chronicle. Wesleyan University Press. WikiLeaks. (2010, january 20). Personally Engaging in Haiti. WikiLeaks. https://wikileaks.org/plusd/cables/10STATE5277_a.html Zanini, F. (2011, january 31). Mobilização anti-Brasil ecoa no pós-tremor. Folha de S.Paulo Online. http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fsp/mundo/ft3101201008.htm https://revistas.usb.edu.co/index.php/Cooperacion/article/download/4708/3742 https://revistas.usb.edu.co/index.php/Cooperacion/article/download/4708/3743 info:eu-repo/semantics/article http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 Text Publication |