Titulo:
Socioeconomic Rights in Latin America: Closing the Gap between Aspiration and Reality
.
Sumario:
América Latina es la región donde los derechos socioeconómicos constitucionales se han tomado más en serio. Existe un alto nivel de convergencia en torno a la idea de que los derechos socioeconómicos pertenecen a las constituciones. Además, existe un creciente consenso regional de que los derechos socioeconómicos son plenamente justiciables. El registro empírico de ejecución judicial, por otro lado, muestra más variación y es menos transformador de lo que sugeriría este consenso. Los tribunales suelen seguir modelos de ejecución que imponen niveles relativamente bajos de tensión en las concepciones del papel judicial, pero también es menos probable que tengan efectos transformadores. Por ejemplo, muchos tribunales parecen preferir otorgar a... Ver más
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David Landau - 2023
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Socioeconomic Rights in Latin America: Closing the Gap between Aspiration and Reality Socioeconomic Rights in Latin America: Closing the Gap between Aspiration and Reality América Latina es la región donde los derechos socioeconómicos constitucionales se han tomado más en serio. Existe un alto nivel de convergencia en torno a la idea de que los derechos socioeconómicos pertenecen a las constituciones. Además, existe un creciente consenso regional de que los derechos socioeconómicos son plenamente justiciables. El registro empírico de ejecución judicial, por otro lado, muestra más variación y es menos transformador de lo que sugeriría este consenso. Los tribunales suelen seguir modelos de ejecución que imponen niveles relativamente bajos de tensión en las concepciones del papel judicial, pero también es menos probable que tengan efectos transformadores. Por ejemplo, muchos tribunales parecen preferir otorgar a los peticionarios un recurso individual en lugar de emitir un recurso estructural o colectivo. Incluso en países donde los tribunales han emitido un programa agresivo para hacer cumplir los derechos socioeconómicos, como Colombia, los críticos han argumentado que los tribunales no han logrado lo suficiente. Después de examinar la brecha entre la constitucionalización y la aplicación en el terreno, este ensayo considera soluciones. Concluyo que la mejor respuesta es holística: buscaría rediseñar otras instituciones, como defensores del pueblo y partidos políticos, para que estas instituciones respondan mejor a los derechos socioeconómicos, manteniendo al mismo tiempo un papel importante para los tribunales en la catalización y coordinación de la atención a los problemas socioeconómicos. Latin America is the region where constitutional socioeconomic rights have been taken most seriously. There is a high level of convergence around the idea that socioeconomic rights belong in constitutions. Moreover, there is a growing regional consensus that socioeconomic rights are fully justiciable. The empirical record of judicial enforcement, on the other hand, shows more variance and is less transformative than this consensus would suggest. Courts most commonly follow models of enforcement that place relatively low levels of strain on conceptions of judicial role but are also less likely to have transformative effects. For example, many courts seem to prefer to give petitioners an individual remedy rather than issuing a structural or collective remedy. Even in countries where courts have issued an aggressive program to enforce socioeconomic rights, such as Colombia, critics have argued that courts have not achieved enough. After surveying the gap between constitutionalization and on-the-ground enforcement, this essay considers solutions. I conclude that the best response is holistic: it would seek to redesign other institutions, such as ombudspersons and political parties, so that these institutions are more responsive to socioeconomic rights, while maintaining an important role for courts in catalyzing and coordinating attention to socioeconomic issues. Landau, David Socioecomomic rights, right to health, judicial role, transformative constitutionalism, Latin American constitutionalism, Colombian Constitutional Court, Brazilian Supreme Federal Tribunal Derechos socioeconómicos, derecho a la salud, función judicial, constitucionalismo transformador, constitucionalismo latinoamericano, Corte Constitucional de Colombia, Supremo Tribunal Federal de Brasil. 57 Núm. 57 , Año 2023 : Septiembre-Diciembre Artículo de revista Journal article 2023-08-30T11:54:52Z 2023-08-30T11:54:52Z 2023-08-30 application/pdf text/html text/xml Departamento de Derecho Constitucional Revista Derecho del Estado 0122-9893 2346-2051 https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/derest/article/view/8954 10.18601/01229893.n57.02 https://doi.org/10.18601/01229893.n57.02 spa http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 David Landau - 2023 Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0. 7 40 Alfonso da Silva, Virgilio & Fernando Vargas Terrazas, ‘Claiming the Right to Health in Brazilian Courts: The Exclusion of the Already Excluded?’. 36 L & Soc Inq. 2011, 825. Alvear Garcia, Helena, Karl Klare, and Lucy A. Williams (eds), Social and Economic Rights in Theory and Practice: Critical Inquiries. Routledge, 2015. Angel Cabo, Natalia & Domingo Lovera Parmo, ‘Latin American Social Constitutionalism: Courts and Popular Participation’ in Helena Alvear Garcia, Karl Klare, and Lucy A. Williams (eds), Social and Economic Rights in Theory and Practice: Critical Inquiries. Routledge, 2015, 85. Bonilla Maldonado, Daniel (ed), Constitutionalism of the Global South: The Activist Tribunals of India, South Africa, and Colombia. cup, 2013. Brinks, Daniel M. & Varun Gauri, ‘The Law’s Majestic Equality? The Distributive Impact of Litigating Social and Economic Rights’. 12 Perspect on Pol. 2014, 375. Dixon, Rosalind, Responsive Judicial Review. OUP, 2023. Dixon, Rosalind & David Landau, ‘Defensive Social Rights’ in Malcolm Langford & Katharine Young (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Economic and Social Rights. OUP, forthcoming. Gargarella, Roberto, Latin American Constitutionalism, 1810-2010: The Engine Room of the Constitution. OUP, 2013. Landau, David, ‘The Reality of Social Rights Enforcement’. 53 Harvard Intl LJ. 2012, 189. Landau, David, ‘Socioeconomic Rights and Majoritarian Courts in Latin America’ in Daniel Bonilla Maldonado (ed), Constitutionalism in the Americas. Edward Elgar. 2018, 188. Langford, Malcolm, Cesar Rodriguez-Garavito, and Julieta Rossi (eds), Social Rights Judgments and the Politics of Compliance: Making it Stick. cup, 2017. Langford, Malcolm & Katharine Young (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Economic and Social Rights. OUP, forthcoming. Motta Ferraz, Octavio Luiz. ‘Harming the Poor Through Social Rights Litigation: Lessons from Brazil’. 89 Texas Law Review. 2011, 1643. Rodriguez-Garavito, Cesar. ‘Beyond the Courtroom: The Impact of Judicial Activism on Socioeconomic Rights in Latin America’. 89 Texas LR. 2011, 1669. Rodriguez-Garavito, Cesar & Diana Rodriguez-Franco, Radical Deprivation on Trial: The Impact of Judicial Activism on Socioeconomic Rights in the Global South. cup, 2015. Young, Katharine G. (ed.), The Future of Social and Economic Rights. OUP, 2019. https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/derest/article/download/8954/15329 https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/derest/article/download/8954/15330 https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/derest/article/download/8954/15331 info:eu-repo/semantics/article http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 Text Publication |
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| title |
Socioeconomic Rights in Latin America: Closing the Gap between Aspiration and Reality |
| spellingShingle |
Socioeconomic Rights in Latin America: Closing the Gap between Aspiration and Reality Landau, David Socioecomomic rights, right to health, judicial role, transformative constitutionalism, Latin American constitutionalism, Colombian Constitutional Court, Brazilian Supreme Federal Tribunal Derechos socioeconómicos, derecho a la salud, función judicial, constitucionalismo transformador, constitucionalismo latinoamericano, Corte Constitucional de Colombia, Supremo Tribunal Federal de Brasil. |
| title_short |
Socioeconomic Rights in Latin America: Closing the Gap between Aspiration and Reality |
| title_full |
Socioeconomic Rights in Latin America: Closing the Gap between Aspiration and Reality |
| title_fullStr |
Socioeconomic Rights in Latin America: Closing the Gap between Aspiration and Reality |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Socioeconomic Rights in Latin America: Closing the Gap between Aspiration and Reality |
| title_sort |
socioeconomic rights in latin america: closing the gap between aspiration and reality |
| title_eng |
Socioeconomic Rights in Latin America: Closing the Gap between Aspiration and Reality |
| description |
América Latina es la región donde los derechos socioeconómicos constitucionales se han tomado más en serio. Existe un alto nivel de convergencia en torno a la idea de que los derechos socioeconómicos pertenecen a las constituciones. Además, existe un creciente consenso regional de que los derechos socioeconómicos son plenamente justiciables. El registro empírico de ejecución judicial, por otro lado, muestra más variación y es menos transformador de lo que sugeriría este consenso. Los tribunales suelen seguir modelos de ejecución que imponen niveles relativamente bajos de tensión en las concepciones del papel judicial, pero también es menos probable que tengan efectos transformadores. Por ejemplo, muchos tribunales parecen preferir otorgar a los peticionarios un recurso individual en lugar de emitir un recurso estructural o colectivo. Incluso en países donde los tribunales han emitido un programa agresivo para hacer cumplir los derechos socioeconómicos, como Colombia, los críticos han argumentado que los tribunales no han logrado lo suficiente. Después de examinar la brecha entre la constitucionalización y la aplicación en el terreno, este ensayo considera soluciones. Concluyo que la mejor respuesta es holística: buscaría rediseñar otras instituciones, como defensores del pueblo y partidos políticos, para que estas instituciones respondan mejor a los derechos socioeconómicos, manteniendo al mismo tiempo un papel importante para los tribunales en la catalización y coordinación de la atención a los problemas socioeconómicos.
|
| description_eng |
Latin America is the region where constitutional socioeconomic rights have been taken most seriously. There is a high level of convergence around the idea that socioeconomic rights belong in constitutions. Moreover, there is a growing regional consensus that socioeconomic rights are fully justiciable. The empirical record of judicial enforcement, on the other hand, shows more variance and is less transformative than this consensus would suggest. Courts most commonly follow models of enforcement that place relatively low levels of strain on conceptions of judicial role but are also less likely to have transformative effects. For example, many courts seem to prefer to give petitioners an individual remedy rather than issuing a structural or collective remedy. Even in countries where courts have issued an aggressive program to enforce socioeconomic rights, such as Colombia, critics have argued that courts have not achieved enough. After surveying the gap between constitutionalization and on-the-ground enforcement, this essay considers solutions. I conclude that the best response is holistic: it would seek to redesign other institutions, such as ombudspersons and political parties, so that these institutions are more responsive to socioeconomic rights, while maintaining an important role for courts in catalyzing and coordinating attention to socioeconomic issues.
|
| author |
Landau, David |
| author_facet |
Landau, David |
| topic |
Socioecomomic rights, right to health, judicial role, transformative constitutionalism, Latin American constitutionalism, Colombian Constitutional Court, Brazilian Supreme Federal Tribunal Derechos socioeconómicos, derecho a la salud, función judicial, constitucionalismo transformador, constitucionalismo latinoamericano, Corte Constitucional de Colombia, Supremo Tribunal Federal de Brasil. |
| topic_facet |
Socioecomomic rights, right to health, judicial role, transformative constitutionalism, Latin American constitutionalism, Colombian Constitutional Court, Brazilian Supreme Federal Tribunal Derechos socioeconómicos, derecho a la salud, función judicial, constitucionalismo transformador, constitucionalismo latinoamericano, Corte Constitucional de Colombia, Supremo Tribunal Federal de Brasil. |
| topicspa_str_mv |
Derechos socioeconómicos, derecho a la salud, función judicial, constitucionalismo transformador, constitucionalismo latinoamericano, Corte Constitucional de Colombia, Supremo Tribunal Federal de Brasil. |
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57 |
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Núm. 57 , Año 2023 : Septiembre-Diciembre |
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Departamento de Derecho Constitucional |
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Revista Derecho del Estado |
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https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/derest/article/view/8954 |
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http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 David Landau - 2023 Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0. info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
| references |
Alfonso da Silva, Virgilio & Fernando Vargas Terrazas, ‘Claiming the Right to Health in Brazilian Courts: The Exclusion of the Already Excluded?’. 36 L & Soc Inq. 2011, 825. Alvear Garcia, Helena, Karl Klare, and Lucy A. Williams (eds), Social and Economic Rights in Theory and Practice: Critical Inquiries. Routledge, 2015. Angel Cabo, Natalia & Domingo Lovera Parmo, ‘Latin American Social Constitutionalism: Courts and Popular Participation’ in Helena Alvear Garcia, Karl Klare, and Lucy A. Williams (eds), Social and Economic Rights in Theory and Practice: Critical Inquiries. Routledge, 2015, 85. Bonilla Maldonado, Daniel (ed), Constitutionalism of the Global South: The Activist Tribunals of India, South Africa, and Colombia. cup, 2013. Brinks, Daniel M. & Varun Gauri, ‘The Law’s Majestic Equality? The Distributive Impact of Litigating Social and Economic Rights’. 12 Perspect on Pol. 2014, 375. Dixon, Rosalind, Responsive Judicial Review. OUP, 2023. Dixon, Rosalind & David Landau, ‘Defensive Social Rights’ in Malcolm Langford & Katharine Young (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Economic and Social Rights. OUP, forthcoming. Gargarella, Roberto, Latin American Constitutionalism, 1810-2010: The Engine Room of the Constitution. OUP, 2013. Landau, David, ‘The Reality of Social Rights Enforcement’. 53 Harvard Intl LJ. 2012, 189. Landau, David, ‘Socioeconomic Rights and Majoritarian Courts in Latin America’ in Daniel Bonilla Maldonado (ed), Constitutionalism in the Americas. Edward Elgar. 2018, 188. Langford, Malcolm, Cesar Rodriguez-Garavito, and Julieta Rossi (eds), Social Rights Judgments and the Politics of Compliance: Making it Stick. cup, 2017. Langford, Malcolm & Katharine Young (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Economic and Social Rights. OUP, forthcoming. Motta Ferraz, Octavio Luiz. ‘Harming the Poor Through Social Rights Litigation: Lessons from Brazil’. 89 Texas Law Review. 2011, 1643. Rodriguez-Garavito, Cesar. ‘Beyond the Courtroom: The Impact of Judicial Activism on Socioeconomic Rights in Latin America’. 89 Texas LR. 2011, 1669. Rodriguez-Garavito, Cesar & Diana Rodriguez-Franco, Radical Deprivation on Trial: The Impact of Judicial Activism on Socioeconomic Rights in the Global South. cup, 2015. Young, Katharine G. (ed.), The Future of Social and Economic Rights. OUP, 2019. |
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