The Domestic Sources of City Diplomacy: The Case of the City of Johannesburg, 2011-2016
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The Domestic Sources of City Diplomacy: The Case of the City of Johannesburg, 2011-2016
.

Sumario:

La literatura dominante sobre ciudades glo­bales tiende a explicar la internacionalización de las urbes casi exclusivamente desde la pers­pectiva de los desarrollos recientes en el capi­talismo global, desarrollos que han puesto a las ciudades en el corazón de una economía mun­dial cada vez más globalizada, financiarizada y desregulada. La internacionalización de estas llamadas ciudades globales se concibe como una respuesta y está condicionada por exigen­cias externas y, principalmente, económicas. La investigación sobre las relaciones exteriores de los gobiernos de las ciudades ha seguido esta tradición, con un enfoque predominante en las conductas y manifestaciones globales, así como en las implicaciones sistémicas de este fenóme­no. Se... Ver más

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Oasis

1657-7558

2346-2132

Nganje , Fritz Ikome

Tladi , Bosele Retshegofetse

UNIVERSIDAD EXTERNADO DE COLOMBIA

10.18601/16577558.n38.08

2023-06-29

137

155

Colombia

diplomacia de ciudad;

paradiplomacia;

diplomacia de alcaldes;

ciudades globales;

Johannesburgo

Fritz Ikome Nganje , Bosele Retshegofetse Tladi - 2023

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.

info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2

id metarevistapublica_uexternado_oasis_70_article_8867
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spelling The Domestic Sources of City Diplomacy: The Case of the City of Johannesburg, 2011-2016
The Domestic Sources of City Diplomacy: The Case of the City of Johannesburg, 2011-2016
La literatura dominante sobre ciudades glo­bales tiende a explicar la internacionalización de las urbes casi exclusivamente desde la pers­pectiva de los desarrollos recientes en el capi­talismo global, desarrollos que han puesto a las ciudades en el corazón de una economía mun­dial cada vez más globalizada, financiarizada y desregulada. La internacionalización de estas llamadas ciudades globales se concibe como una respuesta y está condicionada por exigen­cias externas y, principalmente, económicas. La investigación sobre las relaciones exteriores de los gobiernos de las ciudades ha seguido esta tradición, con un enfoque predominante en las conductas y manifestaciones globales, así como en las implicaciones sistémicas de este fenóme­no. Se ha prestado poca atención académica a los contextos domésticos dentro de los cuales los gobiernos de las ciudades desarrollan y ejer­cen su agencia internacional. Este artículo se inspira en el surgimiento de relatos alternativos en la literatura sobre ciudades globales, que han subrayado la importancia del contexto domés­tico para dar sentido a la internacionalización contemporánea de las ciudades, con el fin de analizar las fuentes domésticas de las relacio­nes exteriores de la ciudad de Johannesburgo desde 2011 hasta 2016. Si bien reconocemos la ambición de Johannesburgo de convertirse en una ciudad global y en un importante impulsor de las relaciones internacionales del gobierno de la ciudad durante este periodo, identificamos y analizamos un conjunto de factores locales y nacionales que igualmente inspiraron y con­dicionaron los compromisos extranjeros de la ciudad. Estos incluyen la enorme división socioeconómica y espacial que continúa de­finiendo la ciudad, la influencia del partido de gobierno, el Congreso Nacional Africano (ANC), y su doctrina de internacionalismo progresista, así como la perspectiva internacio­nalista del entonces alcalde y sus ambiciones políticas internas.
The mainstream literature on global cities tends to explain the internationalization of cities almost exclusively from the perspective of recent developments in global capitalism, developments that have put cities at the heart of an increasingly globalized, financialized, and deregulated world economy. The internationa­lization of these so-called global cities is seen as a response to, and is conditioned by, external, and mainly economic, exigencies. Research on the foreign relations of city governments has followed in this tradition, with a predominant focus on the global drivers and manifestations, as well as the systemic implications of this phe­nomenon. Little academic attention has been given to the domestic contexts within which city governments develop and exercise their international agency. This paper is inspired by the emergence of alternative accounts in the global cities literature, which have underscored the importance of the domestic context in ma­king sense of the contemporary internationali­zation of cities, to analyze the domestic sources of the City of Johannesburg’s foreign relations from 2011 to 2016. While acknowledging Johannesburg’s global cities ambition as a major driver of the city government’s interna­tional relations during this period, we identify and analyze a set of local and national factors that equally inspired and conditioned the city’s foreign engagements. These include the huge socio-economic and spatial divide that con­tinues to define the city, the influence of the ruling African National Congress (ANC) and its doctrine of progressive internationalism, as well as the then mayor’s internationalist out­look and domestic political ambitions.
Nganje , Fritz Ikome
Tladi , Bosele Retshegofetse
City diplomacy;
paradiplomacy;
mayoral diplomacy;
global cities;
Johannesburg
diplomacia de ciudad;
paradiplomacia;
diplomacia de alcaldes;
ciudades globales;
Johannesburgo
38
Núm. 38 , Año 2023 : Julio-Diciembre
Artículo de revista
Journal article
2023-06-29T12:36:36Z
2023-06-29T12:36:36Z
2023-06-29
application/pdf
text/html
text/xml
Facultad de Finanzas, Gobierno y Relaciones Internacionales
Oasis
1657-7558
2346-2132
https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/oasis/article/view/8867
10.18601/16577558.n38.08
https://doi.org/10.18601/16577558.n38.08
spa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Fritz Ikome Nganje , Bosele Retshegofetse Tladi - 2023
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
137
155
Acuto, M. (2010). Global cities: Gorillas in our midst. Alternatives, 35 (4), 425-448.
Acuto, M. (2013). City Leadership in Global Governance. Global Governance, 19 (3), 481-498.
Amen, M., Toly, N.J., McCarney, P.L., & Segbers, K. (Eds.) (2011). Cities and Global Governance: New Sites for International Relations. Routledge.
Anoula Agency (2016). Palestinians unveil 6-meter Nelson Mandela statue in Ramallah. Daily Sabbah, 26 April.
Author, M. (2018). Parks Tau Positions Himself to Capture Gauteng. Mail & Guardian, June 12.
Barber, B. R. (2013). If Mayors Ruled the World: Dysfunctional Nations, Rising Cities. Yale University Press.
Bradlow, B. H. (2021). Weapons of the Strong: Elite Resistance and the Neo-Apartheid City. City & Community, 20(3), 191-211.
Cantir, C. (2021). Goodbye Moscow, Hello Brussels: The City Diplomacy of Chișinău Mayor Dorin Chirtoacă. Nationalities Papers, 1-20. doi:10.1017/nps.2021.57.
Cele, S. (2016). Parks Tau’s vision for Joburg. City Press, 7 July.
COGTA (n.d.). Profile: City of Johannesburg Metro. https://www.cogta.gov.za/ddm/wp content/up-loads/2020/08/Take2_DistrictProfile_JHB1606- 2-2.pdf.
COJ (2009). Mayor Masondo Calls for Agreement on Climate Change. Media Statement. https:// www.joburg.org.za/media_/MediaStatements/ Pages/2009%20Press%20Releases/2009- 12-15Mayor-Masondo-calls-for-agreement-on-climate-change.aspx.
COJ (2012). An integrated international relations agenda for the city of Johannesburg.
CoJ. COJ (2016). An assessment of the City of Johannesburg’s (CoJ’s) International Relations approach – and emerging recommendations. CoJ.
Criekemans, D. (2006). How subnational entities try to develop their own ‘paradiplomacy’. The case of Flanders (1993-2005). International Conference Challenges for Foreign Ministries: Managing Diplomatic Networks and Optimising Value. Geneva, May, 31 – June, 1.
Curtis, S. (2011). Global Cities and the Transformation of the International System. Review of International Studies, 37 (4), 1923-1947.
Curtis, S. (2016). The power of cities in international relations. Routledge.
Dahl, M., Szpak, A., Gawlowski, R., Modrzyńska, J., & Modrzyński, P. (2022). The Role of Cities in International Relations: The Third-generation of Multi-level Governance? Edward Elgar Publishing.
De Losada, A. F & Galceran-Vercherm M. (2022). Cities in Global Governance. From multilateralism to multistakeholderism? Lecours Barcelona Center of international affairs.
Friedmann, J. (1986) The World City Hypothesis (Editor’s Introduction). Development and Change, 17(1), 69-84.
Geniş, Ş. (2007). Globalization of cities: Towards conceptualizing a new politics of place-making in a transnational era. Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences, 6 (1), 59-77.
Kangas, A. (2017). Global cities, international relations and the fabrication of the world. Global Society, 31(4), pp.531-550.
Landsberg, C. (2005). Toward a Developmental Foreign Policy? Challenges for South Africa’s Diplomacy in the Second Decade of Liberation. Social Research, 73(2), 723-756.
Lecours, A. (2002). When Regions Go Abroad: Glo¬balization, Nationalism and Federalism. Paper prepared for the conference “Globalization, Multilevel Governance and Democracy: Continental, Comparative and Global Perspectives. Queen’s University, May 3-4, 2002.
Lecours, A. & Moreno, L. (2003). Paradiplomacy: a nation-building strategy? A reference to the Basque Country. The conditions of diversity in multinational democracies (pp. 267-294).
McFarlane C. (2010). The comparative city: knowledge, learning, urbanism. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 34, 725-742.
Michelmann, H. (Ed.). (2009). Foreign Relations in Federal Countries. McGill-Queen’s University Press.
Nganje, F. (2013). Paradiplomacy: A comparative analysis of the international relations of South Africa’s Gauteng, North-West, and Western Cape Provinces. Doctoral Thesis. University of Johannesburg,
Nijman, J. E. (2016). Renaissance of the City as Global Actor. The Role of Foreign Policy and International Law Practices in the Construction of Cities as Global Actors. T.M.C. Asser Institute for International & European Law.
Peck, J. (2015). Cities beyond compare? Regional Studies, 49(1), 160-182.
Powell, A. (7 February 2014). Mayors’ C40 summit gives megacity leaders a chance to grab global spotlight. The Guardian.
Reinsberg, B & Dellepiane, S. (2022). The domestic sources of sub-state foreign policymaking: determinants of subnational development cooperation across European regions. Journal of European Public Policy. DOI: 10.1080/13501763.2022. 2055111.
Robinson, J. (2006). Ordinary Cities. Routledge.
Salomon, M. (2011). Paradiplomacy in the Developing World: The Case of Brazil. In M. Amen et al. (eds), Cities and Global Governance: New Sites for International Relations. Routledge.
Sassen, S. (2005). The global city: Introducing a concept. Brown Journal of World Affairs, 11 (2), 27-43.
Seekings, J. (2013). Urban theory: the dream and its limits. International Journal of Urban Regional Research (IJURR) lecture presented at the Inter¬national Sociological Association RC21 Conference, Berlin, Germany, 29-31 August.
Schiavon, J. A. (2009). The international relations of Mexican subnational governments. In annual meeting of the International Studies Association’s (ISA) 50th annual convention ‘Exploring the Past, Anticipating the Future’. New York Marriott Marquis.
Tau, P. (2014). Building Cities that Care. Metropolis Voice of the Mayors. https://www.metropolis.org/sites/ default/files/10_la_voz_de_los_alcaldes_parks-tau_johannesburg.pdf.
UCLG (2017). Annual Report 2017: Supporting Local and Regional Governments to Drive the Implementation of the Global Agendas. UCLG.
UCLG (2009). Unity of the Local and Sub-National Levels of Government in the Fight Against Climate Change. UCLG. https://www.uclg.org/en/media/ news/united-cities-and-local-governments-press-release-unity-local-and-sub-national-levels.
https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/oasis/article/download/8867/14665
https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/oasis/article/download/8867/14666
https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/oasis/article/download/8867/14667
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title The Domestic Sources of City Diplomacy: The Case of the City of Johannesburg, 2011-2016
spellingShingle The Domestic Sources of City Diplomacy: The Case of the City of Johannesburg, 2011-2016
Nganje , Fritz Ikome
Tladi , Bosele Retshegofetse
City diplomacy;
paradiplomacy;
mayoral diplomacy;
global cities;
Johannesburg
diplomacia de ciudad;
paradiplomacia;
diplomacia de alcaldes;
ciudades globales;
Johannesburgo
title_short The Domestic Sources of City Diplomacy: The Case of the City of Johannesburg, 2011-2016
title_full The Domestic Sources of City Diplomacy: The Case of the City of Johannesburg, 2011-2016
title_fullStr The Domestic Sources of City Diplomacy: The Case of the City of Johannesburg, 2011-2016
title_full_unstemmed The Domestic Sources of City Diplomacy: The Case of the City of Johannesburg, 2011-2016
title_sort domestic sources of city diplomacy: the case of the city of johannesburg, 2011-2016
title_eng The Domestic Sources of City Diplomacy: The Case of the City of Johannesburg, 2011-2016
description La literatura dominante sobre ciudades glo­bales tiende a explicar la internacionalización de las urbes casi exclusivamente desde la pers­pectiva de los desarrollos recientes en el capi­talismo global, desarrollos que han puesto a las ciudades en el corazón de una economía mun­dial cada vez más globalizada, financiarizada y desregulada. La internacionalización de estas llamadas ciudades globales se concibe como una respuesta y está condicionada por exigen­cias externas y, principalmente, económicas. La investigación sobre las relaciones exteriores de los gobiernos de las ciudades ha seguido esta tradición, con un enfoque predominante en las conductas y manifestaciones globales, así como en las implicaciones sistémicas de este fenóme­no. Se ha prestado poca atención académica a los contextos domésticos dentro de los cuales los gobiernos de las ciudades desarrollan y ejer­cen su agencia internacional. Este artículo se inspira en el surgimiento de relatos alternativos en la literatura sobre ciudades globales, que han subrayado la importancia del contexto domés­tico para dar sentido a la internacionalización contemporánea de las ciudades, con el fin de analizar las fuentes domésticas de las relacio­nes exteriores de la ciudad de Johannesburgo desde 2011 hasta 2016. Si bien reconocemos la ambición de Johannesburgo de convertirse en una ciudad global y en un importante impulsor de las relaciones internacionales del gobierno de la ciudad durante este periodo, identificamos y analizamos un conjunto de factores locales y nacionales que igualmente inspiraron y con­dicionaron los compromisos extranjeros de la ciudad. Estos incluyen la enorme división socioeconómica y espacial que continúa de­finiendo la ciudad, la influencia del partido de gobierno, el Congreso Nacional Africano (ANC), y su doctrina de internacionalismo progresista, así como la perspectiva internacio­nalista del entonces alcalde y sus ambiciones políticas internas.
description_eng The mainstream literature on global cities tends to explain the internationalization of cities almost exclusively from the perspective of recent developments in global capitalism, developments that have put cities at the heart of an increasingly globalized, financialized, and deregulated world economy. The internationa­lization of these so-called global cities is seen as a response to, and is conditioned by, external, and mainly economic, exigencies. Research on the foreign relations of city governments has followed in this tradition, with a predominant focus on the global drivers and manifestations, as well as the systemic implications of this phe­nomenon. Little academic attention has been given to the domestic contexts within which city governments develop and exercise their international agency. This paper is inspired by the emergence of alternative accounts in the global cities literature, which have underscored the importance of the domestic context in ma­king sense of the contemporary internationali­zation of cities, to analyze the domestic sources of the City of Johannesburg’s foreign relations from 2011 to 2016. While acknowledging Johannesburg’s global cities ambition as a major driver of the city government’s interna­tional relations during this period, we identify and analyze a set of local and national factors that equally inspired and conditioned the city’s foreign engagements. These include the huge socio-economic and spatial divide that con­tinues to define the city, the influence of the ruling African National Congress (ANC) and its doctrine of progressive internationalism, as well as the then mayor’s internationalist out­look and domestic political ambitions.
author Nganje , Fritz Ikome
Tladi , Bosele Retshegofetse
author_facet Nganje , Fritz Ikome
Tladi , Bosele Retshegofetse
topic City diplomacy;
paradiplomacy;
mayoral diplomacy;
global cities;
Johannesburg
diplomacia de ciudad;
paradiplomacia;
diplomacia de alcaldes;
ciudades globales;
Johannesburgo
topic_facet City diplomacy;
paradiplomacy;
mayoral diplomacy;
global cities;
Johannesburg
diplomacia de ciudad;
paradiplomacia;
diplomacia de alcaldes;
ciudades globales;
Johannesburgo
topicspa_str_mv diplomacia de ciudad;
paradiplomacia;
diplomacia de alcaldes;
ciudades globales;
Johannesburgo
citationissue 38
citationedition Núm. 38 , Año 2023 : Julio-Diciembre
publisher Facultad de Finanzas, Gobierno y Relaciones Internacionales
ispartofjournal Oasis
source https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/oasis/article/view/8867
language spa
format Article
rights http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Fritz Ikome Nganje , Bosele Retshegofetse Tladi - 2023
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
references Acuto, M. (2010). Global cities: Gorillas in our midst. Alternatives, 35 (4), 425-448.
Acuto, M. (2013). City Leadership in Global Governance. Global Governance, 19 (3), 481-498.
Amen, M., Toly, N.J., McCarney, P.L., & Segbers, K. (Eds.) (2011). Cities and Global Governance: New Sites for International Relations. Routledge.
Anoula Agency (2016). Palestinians unveil 6-meter Nelson Mandela statue in Ramallah. Daily Sabbah, 26 April.
Author, M. (2018). Parks Tau Positions Himself to Capture Gauteng. Mail & Guardian, June 12.
Barber, B. R. (2013). If Mayors Ruled the World: Dysfunctional Nations, Rising Cities. Yale University Press.
Bradlow, B. H. (2021). Weapons of the Strong: Elite Resistance and the Neo-Apartheid City. City & Community, 20(3), 191-211.
Cantir, C. (2021). Goodbye Moscow, Hello Brussels: The City Diplomacy of Chișinău Mayor Dorin Chirtoacă. Nationalities Papers, 1-20. doi:10.1017/nps.2021.57.
Cele, S. (2016). Parks Tau’s vision for Joburg. City Press, 7 July.
COGTA (n.d.). Profile: City of Johannesburg Metro. https://www.cogta.gov.za/ddm/wp content/up-loads/2020/08/Take2_DistrictProfile_JHB1606- 2-2.pdf.
COJ (2009). Mayor Masondo Calls for Agreement on Climate Change. Media Statement. https:// www.joburg.org.za/media_/MediaStatements/ Pages/2009%20Press%20Releases/2009- 12-15Mayor-Masondo-calls-for-agreement-on-climate-change.aspx.
COJ (2012). An integrated international relations agenda for the city of Johannesburg.
CoJ. COJ (2016). An assessment of the City of Johannesburg’s (CoJ’s) International Relations approach – and emerging recommendations. CoJ.
Criekemans, D. (2006). How subnational entities try to develop their own ‘paradiplomacy’. The case of Flanders (1993-2005). International Conference Challenges for Foreign Ministries: Managing Diplomatic Networks and Optimising Value. Geneva, May, 31 – June, 1.
Curtis, S. (2011). Global Cities and the Transformation of the International System. Review of International Studies, 37 (4), 1923-1947.
Curtis, S. (2016). The power of cities in international relations. Routledge.
Dahl, M., Szpak, A., Gawlowski, R., Modrzyńska, J., & Modrzyński, P. (2022). The Role of Cities in International Relations: The Third-generation of Multi-level Governance? Edward Elgar Publishing.
De Losada, A. F & Galceran-Vercherm M. (2022). Cities in Global Governance. From multilateralism to multistakeholderism? Lecours Barcelona Center of international affairs.
Friedmann, J. (1986) The World City Hypothesis (Editor’s Introduction). Development and Change, 17(1), 69-84.
Geniş, Ş. (2007). Globalization of cities: Towards conceptualizing a new politics of place-making in a transnational era. Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences, 6 (1), 59-77.
Kangas, A. (2017). Global cities, international relations and the fabrication of the world. Global Society, 31(4), pp.531-550.
Landsberg, C. (2005). Toward a Developmental Foreign Policy? Challenges for South Africa’s Diplomacy in the Second Decade of Liberation. Social Research, 73(2), 723-756.
Lecours, A. (2002). When Regions Go Abroad: Glo¬balization, Nationalism and Federalism. Paper prepared for the conference “Globalization, Multilevel Governance and Democracy: Continental, Comparative and Global Perspectives. Queen’s University, May 3-4, 2002.
Lecours, A. & Moreno, L. (2003). Paradiplomacy: a nation-building strategy? A reference to the Basque Country. The conditions of diversity in multinational democracies (pp. 267-294).
McFarlane C. (2010). The comparative city: knowledge, learning, urbanism. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 34, 725-742.
Michelmann, H. (Ed.). (2009). Foreign Relations in Federal Countries. McGill-Queen’s University Press.
Nganje, F. (2013). Paradiplomacy: A comparative analysis of the international relations of South Africa’s Gauteng, North-West, and Western Cape Provinces. Doctoral Thesis. University of Johannesburg,
Nijman, J. E. (2016). Renaissance of the City as Global Actor. The Role of Foreign Policy and International Law Practices in the Construction of Cities as Global Actors. T.M.C. Asser Institute for International & European Law.
Peck, J. (2015). Cities beyond compare? Regional Studies, 49(1), 160-182.
Powell, A. (7 February 2014). Mayors’ C40 summit gives megacity leaders a chance to grab global spotlight. The Guardian.
Reinsberg, B & Dellepiane, S. (2022). The domestic sources of sub-state foreign policymaking: determinants of subnational development cooperation across European regions. Journal of European Public Policy. DOI: 10.1080/13501763.2022. 2055111.
Robinson, J. (2006). Ordinary Cities. Routledge.
Salomon, M. (2011). Paradiplomacy in the Developing World: The Case of Brazil. In M. Amen et al. (eds), Cities and Global Governance: New Sites for International Relations. Routledge.
Sassen, S. (2005). The global city: Introducing a concept. Brown Journal of World Affairs, 11 (2), 27-43.
Seekings, J. (2013). Urban theory: the dream and its limits. International Journal of Urban Regional Research (IJURR) lecture presented at the Inter¬national Sociological Association RC21 Conference, Berlin, Germany, 29-31 August.
Schiavon, J. A. (2009). The international relations of Mexican subnational governments. In annual meeting of the International Studies Association’s (ISA) 50th annual convention ‘Exploring the Past, Anticipating the Future’. New York Marriott Marquis.
Tau, P. (2014). Building Cities that Care. Metropolis Voice of the Mayors. https://www.metropolis.org/sites/ default/files/10_la_voz_de_los_alcaldes_parks-tau_johannesburg.pdf.
UCLG (2017). Annual Report 2017: Supporting Local and Regional Governments to Drive the Implementation of the Global Agendas. UCLG.
UCLG (2009). Unity of the Local and Sub-National Levels of Government in the Fight Against Climate Change. UCLG. https://www.uclg.org/en/media/ news/united-cities-and-local-governments-press-release-unity-local-and-sub-national-levels.
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