Titulo:
Las políticas de inserción estratégica de los países del golfo Pérsico en el cuerno de África
.
Sumario:
El presente trabajo busca abordar el sistema de inserción estratégica de los países del golfo Pérsico en el cuerno de África, mediante un enfoque multidimensional que permita entender cómo dichas estrategias son flexibles y pragmáticas, en tanto dependen, en gran medida, de la cooperación o resistencia de los actores que se encuentran involucrados. Los países africanos son actores activos en el proceso de inserción estratégica de Estados extra-regionales con intereses en la zona, por lo que pueden definir los alcances de las políticas aplicadas, adquiriendo un mayor margen de negociación, en la medida que varias políticas de inserción se focalizan en temas o puntos geográficos específicos. Analizar cómo se transforman las relaciones entre e... Ver más
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Las políticas de inserción estratégica de los países del golfo Pérsico en el cuerno de África Strategic Insertion Policies on the Horn of Africa El presente trabajo busca abordar el sistema de inserción estratégica de los países del golfo Pérsico en el cuerno de África, mediante un enfoque multidimensional que permita entender cómo dichas estrategias son flexibles y pragmáticas, en tanto dependen, en gran medida, de la cooperación o resistencia de los actores que se encuentran involucrados. Los países africanos son actores activos en el proceso de inserción estratégica de Estados extra-regionales con intereses en la zona, por lo que pueden definir los alcances de las políticas aplicadas, adquiriendo un mayor margen de negociación, en la medida que varias políticas de inserción se focalizan en temas o puntos geográficos específicos. Analizar cómo se transforman las relaciones entre estos actores, permite reflexionar y visibilizar el rol que tienen los Estados africanos para condicionar las políticas de influencia de actores extra-regionales. The article provides a multidimensional approach of the strategic insertion policies of extra-regional states on the Horn of Africa. It seeks to provide a better understanding about how these policies are flexible and pragmatic considering the degrees of dependency on cooperation and resistance of the States are focused on. African countries played an active role in the strategic insertion process of extraregional states because they could define the frame of application of these policies while they acquire a better space of autonomy. The article will highlight how these policies, when focused on specific issues, demonstrate improvement in the bargaining capacity of African states. Analyzing the dynamics between these actors will provide a new understanding about how African States are key players shaping the politics of extra-regional actors when these are oriented to influencing their local scenarios. Agustín Benítez, Ricardo Strategy; competence; rivalry; conflict Estrategia; competencia; rivalidad; conflicto 34 Núm. 34 , Año 2021 : Julio-Diciembre Artículo de revista Journal article 2021-05-11T12:13:51Z 2021-05-11T12:13:51Z 2021-05-11 application/pdf text/html text/xml Facultad de Finanzas, Gobierno y Relaciones Internacionales Oasis 1657-7558 2346-2132 https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/oasis/article/view/7165 10.18601/16577558.n34.06 https://doi.org/10.18601/16577558.n34.06 spa http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 Ricardo Agustín Benítez - 2021 Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0. 87 105 Asya, A. (2019). Neo-ottomanism: Turkey’s foreign policy approach to Africa, Center for Strategic & International Studies [csis], New perspectives in foreign policy, issue 17, April. Disponible en https://www.csis.org/neo-ottomanism-turkeys-foreignpolicy-approach-africa African Development Bank Group. (2018). Investing in transition states: the horn of Africa opportunity. Disponible en https://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/documents/generic-documents/investing_in_transition_states-_the_horn_of_africa_opportunity_-_a_briefing_note_for_south_korean_investors.pdf Amin, M. (19/03/2018). Suakin: ´Forgoten´ Sudanese island becomes focus for Red Sea rivalries. Middle East Eye. Disponible en http://www.middleeasteye.net/news/suakin-island-sudan-turkey-saudiarabia-egypt-394055164 Burgess, S. (2015). The United States in the Horn of Africa. The role of the military, Aspj Africa & Francophonie, 1st quarter, pp. 27-36. Disponible en https://www.airuniversity.af.edu/Portals/10/aspj_French/journals_E/Volume-06_Issue-1/burgess_e.pdf Encyclopedia Britannica. (2021). Horn of Africa. Disponible en https://www.britannica.com/place/Horn-of-Africa European Center for Development Policy Management. (2021). Regional Organisations in Africa. Disponible en https://indd.adobe.com/view/f49ac87d-7aa3-4cf7-822e-841d674bbc92 Gurbuz, M. (2018). Turkey challenge to Arab interest in the horn of Africa. Arab Center, Washington DC, February. Disponible en http://arabcenterdc.org/policy_analyses/turkeys-challenge-to-arabinterests-in-the-horn-of-africa/ Gulf Business. (1/05/2018). Gulf rivals battle for ports access in Somalia, May, Disponible en https://gulfbusiness.com/gulf-rivals-battle-for-portsaccess-in-somalia/ Human Right Watch. (2019). Eritrea, Events of 2018. World Report, Disponible en https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2019/country-chapters/eritreaigad. (2019). What we do. Disponible en https://igad.int/about-us/what-we-do International Crisis Group. (2019). Intra-gulf competition in África’s horn: lessening the impact. Middle East Report No. 206, September, p. 9. Disponible en https://www.crisisgroup.org/middle-east-northafrica/gulf-and-arabian-peninsula/206-intragulf-competition-africas-horn-lessening-impact International Crisis Group. (2019). Ethiopia: managing Ethiopia’s unsettled transition. Report No. 269, February. Disponible en https://www.crisisgroup.org/africa/horn-africa/ethiopia/269-managingethiopias-unsettled-transition Institut de Relations Internationales et Stratégiques. (2017). East Africa and the horn in 2022. An Outlook for Strategic Positioning in the Region. [iris], March. Disponible en https://www.iris-france.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/obs-Prospective-huma-East-Africa-Horn-mars-2017.pdf Isern, P. (2021). Relaciones internacionales y juegos de suma cero, Fundación icbc. https://www.biblioteca.fundacionicbc.edu.ar/index.php/Relaciones_Internacionales_y_juegos_de_suma_cero iss. (2019). Peace Security Council Report. Disponible em https://issafrica.s3.amazonaws.com/site/uploads/pscreport112.pdf Lefebvre, J. (2012). Iran in the Horn of Africa: Outflanking U.S allies. Middle East Policy Council, vol. xix, No. 2. Disponible en https://mepc.org/journal/iran-horn-africa-outflanking-us-allies Leboeuf, A. (2019). La competition stratégique en Afrique: approches militaires américaine, chinoise et russe. Études de l’ifri, focus Stratégique. Disponible en https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/atoms/files/leboeuf_competition_strategique_afrique_2019_0.pdf Lin, J. Y. (20/01/2015). Industry transfer to Africa good for all. China Daily. Disponible en https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/opinion/2015-01/20/content_19353077.htm Mahmood, O. (2019). Competition, cooperation and security in the Red Sea. Institute of Security Studies [iss]. East Africa Report No. 24, August. Disponible en https://issafrica.org/research/east-africa-report/competition-cooperation-andsecurity-in-the-red-sea Mahmood, O. (2019). How the Gulf crisis is destabilizing Somalia. Institute of Security Studies [iss], October. Disponible en https://issafrica.org/iss-today/how-the-gulf-crisis-is-destabilising-somalia Marchal, R. (2018). Mutations géopolitiques et rivalités d’Etats: La Corne de l’Afrique prise dans la crise du Golfe. Observatoire Afrique de l’est. Marzo. Disponible en https://www.sciencespo.fr/ceri/fr/content/mutations-geopolitiques-et-rivalites-d-etatsla-corne-de-l-afrique-prise-dans-la-crise-du-go Marchal, R. (2020). Quatre questions sur le Soudan, un an après. SciencesPo. Disponible en https://www.sciencespo.fr/ceri/fr/content/soudan-un-apresentretien-avec-roland-marchal.html Mesfin, B. (2019). Could Emirati activism in the Horn make the situation worse. Institute of Security Studies [ISS], October. Disponible en https://issafrica.org/amp/iss-today/could-emirati-activismin-the-horn-make-the-situation-worse Neil, J. (2019). External security politics of the Horn of Africa region. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute [SIPRI]. Insights on peace and security n°. 2019/2. Disponible en https://sipri.org/news/2019/sipri-launches-reports-new-external-security-politics-horn-africa-region Ouma, S. (2012). The New Scramble for Africa, Regional Studies, 46:6, 836-838, Doi: 10.1080/00343404.2012.691237. Reuters. (17/01/2017). Somalia received saudi aid the day it cut ties with Iran: document. January. Disponible en http://www.reuters.com/article/us-somaliasaudi-iran-iduskcn0uv0bh Scholvin, S. (2016). Geopolitics. An Overview of concepts and empirical examples from international relations. The Finnish Institute of International Affairs. Disponible en https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/196701/wp91-Geopolitics.pdf Skinner, A. (22/01/2021). End of the Qatar Embargo: An Opportunity, not Threat, for Turkey. Washington Institute. Disponible en https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/end-qatar-embargo-opportunity-not-threat-turkey The Maritime Executive. (04/05/2019). Djibouti Ordered to Pay DP World $530M in Port Dispute. Disponible en https://www.maritime-executive.com/article/djibouti-ordered-to-pay-dp-world-530min-port-dispute Ursu, A.-E. & Van den Berg, W. (2018). China and the EU in the horn of Africa: competition and cooperation? Clingendael Institute, Cru policy brief, Abril. Disponible en https://www.clingendael.org/sites/default/files/2018-04/PB_China_and_the_EU_in_the_Horn_of_Africa.pdf United States Agency for International Development. (2021). Somalia. Usaid. Disponible en https://www.usaid.gov/somalia Van den Berg, W. & Meester, J. (2019). Turkey in the Horn of Africa. Between the Ankara consensus and the Gulf crisis, Clingendael Institute May. Disponible en https://www.clingendael.org/sites/default/files/2019-05/PB_Turkey_in_the_Horn_of_Africa_May_2019.pdf Woldemichael, S. & Andemariam, S. (2019). Can the peace-trade equation stabilize the horn. Institute of Security Studies [ISS] July. Disponible en https://issafrica.org/iss-today/can-the-peace-trade-equation-stabilise-the-horn Woldemichael, S. (2020). Sudan’s transition. What are the chances of success? Institute of Security Studies [iss]. East Africa Report No. 35. November. Disponible en https://issafrica.s3.amazonaws.com/site/uploads/ear-35.pdf World Bank. (2019). Disponible en https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/ethiopia/overview https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/oasis/article/download/7165/10482 https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/oasis/article/download/7165/10483 https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/oasis/article/download/7165/10484 info:eu-repo/semantics/article http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTREF info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 Text Publication |
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Oasis |
| title |
Las políticas de inserción estratégica de los países del golfo Pérsico en el cuerno de África |
| spellingShingle |
Las políticas de inserción estratégica de los países del golfo Pérsico en el cuerno de África Agustín Benítez, Ricardo Strategy; competence; rivalry; conflict Estrategia; competencia; rivalidad; conflicto |
| title_short |
Las políticas de inserción estratégica de los países del golfo Pérsico en el cuerno de África |
| title_full |
Las políticas de inserción estratégica de los países del golfo Pérsico en el cuerno de África |
| title_fullStr |
Las políticas de inserción estratégica de los países del golfo Pérsico en el cuerno de África |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Las políticas de inserción estratégica de los países del golfo Pérsico en el cuerno de África |
| title_sort |
las políticas de inserción estratégica de los países del golfo pérsico en el cuerno de áfrica |
| title_eng |
Strategic Insertion Policies on the Horn of Africa |
| description |
El presente trabajo busca abordar el sistema de inserción estratégica de los países del golfo Pérsico en el cuerno de África, mediante un enfoque multidimensional que permita entender cómo dichas estrategias son flexibles y pragmáticas, en tanto dependen, en gran medida, de la cooperación o resistencia de los actores que se encuentran involucrados. Los países africanos son actores activos en el proceso de inserción estratégica de Estados extra-regionales con intereses en la zona, por lo que pueden definir los alcances de las políticas aplicadas, adquiriendo un mayor margen de negociación, en la medida que varias políticas de inserción se focalizan en temas o puntos geográficos específicos. Analizar cómo se transforman las relaciones entre estos actores, permite reflexionar y visibilizar el rol que tienen los Estados africanos para condicionar las políticas de influencia de actores extra-regionales.
|
| description_eng |
The article provides a multidimensional approach of the strategic insertion policies of extra-regional states on the Horn of Africa. It seeks to provide a better understanding about how these policies are flexible and pragmatic considering the degrees of dependency on cooperation and resistance of the States are focused on. African countries played an active role in the strategic insertion process of extraregional states because they could define the frame of application of these policies while they acquire a better space of autonomy. The article will highlight how these policies, when focused on specific issues, demonstrate improvement in the bargaining capacity of African states. Analyzing the dynamics between these actors will provide a new understanding about how African States are key players shaping the politics of extra-regional actors when these are oriented to influencing their local scenarios.
|
| author |
Agustín Benítez, Ricardo |
| author_facet |
Agustín Benítez, Ricardo |
| topic |
Strategy; competence; rivalry; conflict Estrategia; competencia; rivalidad; conflicto |
| topic_facet |
Strategy; competence; rivalry; conflict Estrategia; competencia; rivalidad; conflicto |
| topicspa_str_mv |
Estrategia; competencia; rivalidad; conflicto |
| citationissue |
34 |
| citationedition |
Núm. 34 , Año 2021 : Julio-Diciembre |
| publisher |
Facultad de Finanzas, Gobierno y Relaciones Internacionales |
| ispartofjournal |
Oasis |
| source |
https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/oasis/article/view/7165 |
| language |
spa |
| format |
Article |
| rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 Ricardo Agustín Benítez - 2021 Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0. info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
| references |
Asya, A. (2019). Neo-ottomanism: Turkey’s foreign policy approach to Africa, Center for Strategic & International Studies [csis], New perspectives in foreign policy, issue 17, April. Disponible en https://www.csis.org/neo-ottomanism-turkeys-foreignpolicy-approach-africa African Development Bank Group. (2018). Investing in transition states: the horn of Africa opportunity. Disponible en https://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/documents/generic-documents/investing_in_transition_states-_the_horn_of_africa_opportunity_-_a_briefing_note_for_south_korean_investors.pdf Amin, M. (19/03/2018). Suakin: ´Forgoten´ Sudanese island becomes focus for Red Sea rivalries. Middle East Eye. Disponible en http://www.middleeasteye.net/news/suakin-island-sudan-turkey-saudiarabia-egypt-394055164 Burgess, S. (2015). The United States in the Horn of Africa. The role of the military, Aspj Africa & Francophonie, 1st quarter, pp. 27-36. Disponible en https://www.airuniversity.af.edu/Portals/10/aspj_French/journals_E/Volume-06_Issue-1/burgess_e.pdf Encyclopedia Britannica. (2021). Horn of Africa. Disponible en https://www.britannica.com/place/Horn-of-Africa European Center for Development Policy Management. (2021). Regional Organisations in Africa. Disponible en https://indd.adobe.com/view/f49ac87d-7aa3-4cf7-822e-841d674bbc92 Gurbuz, M. (2018). Turkey challenge to Arab interest in the horn of Africa. Arab Center, Washington DC, February. Disponible en http://arabcenterdc.org/policy_analyses/turkeys-challenge-to-arabinterests-in-the-horn-of-africa/ Gulf Business. (1/05/2018). Gulf rivals battle for ports access in Somalia, May, Disponible en https://gulfbusiness.com/gulf-rivals-battle-for-portsaccess-in-somalia/ Human Right Watch. (2019). Eritrea, Events of 2018. World Report, Disponible en https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2019/country-chapters/eritreaigad. (2019). What we do. Disponible en https://igad.int/about-us/what-we-do International Crisis Group. (2019). Intra-gulf competition in África’s horn: lessening the impact. Middle East Report No. 206, September, p. 9. Disponible en https://www.crisisgroup.org/middle-east-northafrica/gulf-and-arabian-peninsula/206-intragulf-competition-africas-horn-lessening-impact International Crisis Group. (2019). Ethiopia: managing Ethiopia’s unsettled transition. Report No. 269, February. Disponible en https://www.crisisgroup.org/africa/horn-africa/ethiopia/269-managingethiopias-unsettled-transition Institut de Relations Internationales et Stratégiques. (2017). East Africa and the horn in 2022. An Outlook for Strategic Positioning in the Region. [iris], March. Disponible en https://www.iris-france.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/obs-Prospective-huma-East-Africa-Horn-mars-2017.pdf Isern, P. (2021). Relaciones internacionales y juegos de suma cero, Fundación icbc. https://www.biblioteca.fundacionicbc.edu.ar/index.php/Relaciones_Internacionales_y_juegos_de_suma_cero iss. (2019). Peace Security Council Report. Disponible em https://issafrica.s3.amazonaws.com/site/uploads/pscreport112.pdf Lefebvre, J. (2012). Iran in the Horn of Africa: Outflanking U.S allies. Middle East Policy Council, vol. xix, No. 2. Disponible en https://mepc.org/journal/iran-horn-africa-outflanking-us-allies Leboeuf, A. (2019). La competition stratégique en Afrique: approches militaires américaine, chinoise et russe. Études de l’ifri, focus Stratégique. Disponible en https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/atoms/files/leboeuf_competition_strategique_afrique_2019_0.pdf Lin, J. Y. (20/01/2015). Industry transfer to Africa good for all. China Daily. Disponible en https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/opinion/2015-01/20/content_19353077.htm Mahmood, O. (2019). Competition, cooperation and security in the Red Sea. Institute of Security Studies [iss]. East Africa Report No. 24, August. Disponible en https://issafrica.org/research/east-africa-report/competition-cooperation-andsecurity-in-the-red-sea Mahmood, O. (2019). How the Gulf crisis is destabilizing Somalia. Institute of Security Studies [iss], October. Disponible en https://issafrica.org/iss-today/how-the-gulf-crisis-is-destabilising-somalia Marchal, R. (2018). Mutations géopolitiques et rivalités d’Etats: La Corne de l’Afrique prise dans la crise du Golfe. Observatoire Afrique de l’est. Marzo. Disponible en https://www.sciencespo.fr/ceri/fr/content/mutations-geopolitiques-et-rivalites-d-etatsla-corne-de-l-afrique-prise-dans-la-crise-du-go Marchal, R. (2020). Quatre questions sur le Soudan, un an après. SciencesPo. Disponible en https://www.sciencespo.fr/ceri/fr/content/soudan-un-apresentretien-avec-roland-marchal.html Mesfin, B. (2019). Could Emirati activism in the Horn make the situation worse. Institute of Security Studies [ISS], October. Disponible en https://issafrica.org/amp/iss-today/could-emirati-activismin-the-horn-make-the-situation-worse Neil, J. (2019). External security politics of the Horn of Africa region. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute [SIPRI]. Insights on peace and security n°. 2019/2. Disponible en https://sipri.org/news/2019/sipri-launches-reports-new-external-security-politics-horn-africa-region Ouma, S. (2012). The New Scramble for Africa, Regional Studies, 46:6, 836-838, Doi: 10.1080/00343404.2012.691237. Reuters. (17/01/2017). Somalia received saudi aid the day it cut ties with Iran: document. January. Disponible en http://www.reuters.com/article/us-somaliasaudi-iran-iduskcn0uv0bh Scholvin, S. (2016). Geopolitics. An Overview of concepts and empirical examples from international relations. The Finnish Institute of International Affairs. Disponible en https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/196701/wp91-Geopolitics.pdf Skinner, A. (22/01/2021). End of the Qatar Embargo: An Opportunity, not Threat, for Turkey. Washington Institute. Disponible en https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/end-qatar-embargo-opportunity-not-threat-turkey The Maritime Executive. (04/05/2019). Djibouti Ordered to Pay DP World $530M in Port Dispute. Disponible en https://www.maritime-executive.com/article/djibouti-ordered-to-pay-dp-world-530min-port-dispute Ursu, A.-E. & Van den Berg, W. (2018). China and the EU in the horn of Africa: competition and cooperation? Clingendael Institute, Cru policy brief, Abril. Disponible en https://www.clingendael.org/sites/default/files/2018-04/PB_China_and_the_EU_in_the_Horn_of_Africa.pdf United States Agency for International Development. (2021). Somalia. Usaid. Disponible en https://www.usaid.gov/somalia Van den Berg, W. & Meester, J. (2019). Turkey in the Horn of Africa. Between the Ankara consensus and the Gulf crisis, Clingendael Institute May. Disponible en https://www.clingendael.org/sites/default/files/2019-05/PB_Turkey_in_the_Horn_of_Africa_May_2019.pdf Woldemichael, S. & Andemariam, S. (2019). Can the peace-trade equation stabilize the horn. Institute of Security Studies [ISS] July. Disponible en https://issafrica.org/iss-today/can-the-peace-trade-equation-stabilise-the-horn Woldemichael, S. (2020). Sudan’s transition. What are the chances of success? Institute of Security Studies [iss]. East Africa Report No. 35. November. Disponible en https://issafrica.s3.amazonaws.com/site/uploads/ear-35.pdf World Bank. (2019). Disponible en https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/ethiopia/overview |
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