Factores cognoscitivos de los padres, asociados con la co-ocurrencia del consumo de alcohol y el maltrato físico a los hijos.
Titulo:

Factores cognoscitivos de los padres, asociados con la co-ocurrencia del consumo de alcohol y el maltrato físico a los hijos.
.

Sumario:

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar los factores cognoscitivos: atribuciones, creencias y expectativas de los padres asociados con la co-ocurrencia del consumo de alcohol y el maltrato físico a sus hijos. Se realizó una investigación descriptiva correlacional. Mediante un muestreo intencional se seleccionaron 263 padres/madres biológicos con una edad promedio de 33.9 años; de estratos socioeconómicos uno, dos y tres, con un nivel educativo mínimo de primaria y con hijos e hijas de 7-12 años los que se distribuyeron en cuatro grupos así: grupo 1: abusadores físicos; grupo 2: consumidores de alcohol; grupo 3: abusadores físicos y consumidores de alcohol; grupo 4: no abusadores físicos y no consumidores de alcohol. Se dise... Ver más

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Acta Colombiana de Psicología

0123-9155

1909-9711

Hewitt Ramírez, Nohelia

UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DE COLOMBIA

2004-01-01

7

34

Colombia

Factores cognoscitivos

Atribuciones

Creencias

Expectativas

Maltrato

Maltrato físico

Co-ocurrencia

Consumo de alcohol

Nohelia Hewitt Ramírez - 2005

info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2

id metarevistapublica_ucatolica_actacolombianadepsicologia_84_article_430
record_format ojs
spelling Factores cognoscitivos de los padres, asociados con la co-ocurrencia del consumo de alcohol y el maltrato físico a los hijos.
Factores cognoscitivos de los padres, asociados con la co-ocurrencia del consumo de alcohol y el maltrato físico a los hijos.
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar los factores cognoscitivos: atribuciones, creencias y expectativas de los padres asociados con la co-ocurrencia del consumo de alcohol y el maltrato físico a sus hijos. Se realizó una investigación descriptiva correlacional. Mediante un muestreo intencional se seleccionaron 263 padres/madres biológicos con una edad promedio de 33.9 años; de estratos socioeconómicos uno, dos y tres, con un nivel educativo mínimo de primaria y con hijos e hijas de 7-12 años los que se distribuyeron en cuatro grupos así: grupo 1: abusadores físicos; grupo 2: consumidores de alcohol; grupo 3: abusadores físicos y consumidores de alcohol; grupo 4: no abusadores físicos y no consumidores de alcohol. Se diseñaron, validaron y aplicaron dos instrumentos: uno para evaluar los factores cognoscitivos de los padres y otro para evaluar la coocurrencia del consumo de alcohol y el maltrato físico a los hijos. Se hizo un análisis multivariado de regresión múltiple y un ANOVA con comparaciones post-hoc. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los puntajes presentados entre los grupos de padres en el instrumento de evaluación de los factores cognoscitivos. Se logró establecer que los factores cognoscitivos de los padres, atribuciones y expectativas son una variable determinante en la co-ocurrencia del maltrato físico a los hijos y el consumo de alcohol. Adicionalmente, se encontró que dicha co-ocurrencia es directa, indirecta y circular.
The purpose of this project was to establish the relationship between parental cognitive factors as attributions, beliefs and expectations; and the co-ocurrence of alcohol consumption and child physical abuse. A descriptive correlational research was conducted. Participants were 263 parents (fathers and mothers as well) selected by intentional sample. Age average was 33. 9 mean, their socioeconomic status was 1 to 3 and their educational level was minimum of primary school, their children ages were from 7 to 12. Groups were divided as following: Group 1: Physical child abusers, group 2: Alcohol consumers, group 3: Physical child abuser and alcohol consumers, group 4: None of the previous conditions instruments were designed and validated by the psychometric methodology: 1) cognitive parents factors scale. 2) co-ocurrence alcohol and child abuse scale. A multiple regression analysis was carried on, and an anova post hoc comparison were made as well significant statistical differences were found bettwen different parents groups in the cognitive factors variable. Results showed that parents cognitive factors are related to co-ocurrence of alcohol consumption and child abuse, but expectations an attributions are a more predictable dimension of this phenomena additionally, it was confirmed co-ocurrence cathegories as: Direct, indirect and circular.
Hewitt Ramírez, Nohelia
Cognitive factors
Attributes
Beliefs
Expectations
Abuse
Physical abuse
Cooccurrence
Alcohol consumption
Factores cognoscitivos
Atribuciones
Creencias
Expectativas
Maltrato
Maltrato físico
Co-ocurrencia
Consumo de alcohol
13
Artículo de revista
Journal article
2005-01-01T00:00:00Z
2005-01-01T00:00:00Z
2004-01-01
application/pdf
Universidad Católica de Colombia
Acta Colombiana de Psicología
0123-9155
1909-9711
https://actacolombianapsicologia.ucatolica.edu.co/article/view/430
https://actacolombianapsicologia.ucatolica.edu.co/article/view/430
spa
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Nohelia Hewitt Ramírez - 2005
7
34
Abramson, L.Y., Seligman, M.E.P., y Teasdale, J.D., (1978). Learned helplessness in humans: Critique and reformulation. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. 87, 49-74.
Ammerman, R., Kolko, D y Kirisci, L., Blackson, T., Dawes, M., (1999). Child Abuse potential in parents with histories of substance use disorder. Child abuse & Neglect. 23(12) 1225-1238.
Appel, A., Holden, G., (1998). The Cooccurrence of Spouse and Physical Child Abuse: A Review and Appraisal. Journal of Family Psychology. 12(4) 578-599.
Belsky, J (1993). Etiology of Child Maltreatment: A Developmental – Ecological Analysis. Psychological Bulletin. 114 (3). 413-434.
Black, D.A., Shumacher,J.A, Slep, S., y Heyman, R.E. (1999). Risk factors for child physical abuse. C.M. Allen, Editor. Retrieved from CYFERnet Web Site.
Blackson, T,C., Tarter, R.E., Loeber, R., Ammerman, R.T., & Windle, M. (1996). The influence of parental substance abuse and difficult temperament in fathers and son on sons´ disengagement from family to deviant peers. Journal of Youth and Adolescent. 25 389-411.
Bugental, D., Johnston, C., New, M., y Silvester, J., (1998). Measuring parental attributions: Conceptual and Methodological Issues. Journal of Family Psychology. 12 (4) 459-480.
Caselles, C., and Milner, J (2000). Evaluations of child transgressions, disciplinary choice, and expected child compliance in a no-cry and crying infant condition in physically abusive and comparison mothers. Child Abuse & Neglect. 24 (4). 477-491.
Cichetti, D. and Olsen, K (1990). The developmental psychopathology of child maltreatment. En M. Lewis and S. Miller (eds). Handbook of developmental psychopathology. Plenum Press, New York.
Curtis, J. M (1986). Factors in the sexual abuse of children. Psychological reports. 58. 591-597.
Dadds, M; Mullins, M; McAllister, R; & Atkinson, E. (2003). Attributions, affect, and behavior in abuse-risk mother: a laboratory study. Child abuse & Neglect. 27, (1), 21-45.
Dagget, J., O´Brien, M., Zanolli, K., Peyton, V. (2000). Parent´s Attitudes About Children: Associations With Parental Life Hstories and Child-Rearing Quality. Journal of Family Psychology. 14(2) 187-199.
Daro, M (1988). Confronting Child Abuse: Research for Effective Program Design. Fress Press, New York.
Dopke, C., and Milner, J (2000). Impact of child noncompliance on stress appraisals, attributions and disciplinary choices in mothers at high and low risk for child physical abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect. 24 (4) 493-504.
Dopke, C., Lundahl, B., Dunsterville, E., and Lovejoy, M.C (2003). Interpretations of child compliance in individuals at high -low - risk forn child physical abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect 27 (3) 285-302.
Duque, L.F., Klevens, J., Ramírez, C., (1997). Estudio de Epidemiología de la Violencia en Santafé de Bogotá. Assalud - Colciencias.
Giancola, P. (2000). Executive Functioning: A conceptual framework for Alcohol-related Aggression. Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology. 8(4) 576-597.
Hayes, H. R. y Emshoff, J.G. (1993). Substance abuse and family violence. In R.L. Hampton, T.P. Gullotta, G.R. Adams, E.H. Potter III and R.P. Weissberg (Eds), Family Violence: Prevention and Treatment, Issues in children´s an families´ Lives. Vol 1, Sage Publications, Newbury Park, California.
Hewitt y Rozo (2000). Relación entre el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas de los padres y la presencia de maltrato infantil en los niños ubicados en instituciones de protección. Proyecto Docente. Facultad de Psicología. Universidad Católica de Colombia.
Huizinga, D. y Jakob-Chien, C., (1998). The contemporaneus co-ocurrence of serious and violent juvenile offending and other problem behaviors. En: Loebeer y D.P. Farrington (1998). Eds. Serious and violent juvenile offenders. London, Sage Publications.
Johnson, J., y Leff,, M., (1999) Children of substance abusers: Overview of Research Findings. Pediatrics. 103(5). 1085-1099
Kaplan, S.(1999). Child and adolescent abuse and neglect research: A review of the past 10 years. Part : Physical and emotional abuse and neglect. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent psychiatry. 38 (10) 1214-1222.
Kelly, J.A. (1983). Treating child abusive families: Intervention based on skills-training principles. New York: Plenum Press.
Kempe, C.H., Silverman, F.N, Steele, B.F., Droegemuller, W. and Silver, H.K. (1962). The battered chld syndrome. Journal of the American Medical Association. 18 (1), 17 -24.
Klevens, J., Ardila, S., Bayón, M.C, Ramírez, C., Sierra, M., Uribe., N y Vargas, E. (1998). Prevención primaria del maltrato infantil: ensayo controlado de cinco intervenciones. Bogotá. Secretaría Distrital de Salud.
Klevens, J., Bayón, M.C., and Sierra, M. (2000). Risk Factors and Context of Men who Physically abuse in Bogotá, Colombia. Journal Child Abuse & Neglect. 24 (3) 323-332.
Levy, G., Guzmán, N., y Starck, C. (1985) Niños maltratados. Informe de 43 casos observados en el Hospital Universidad del Valle. Colombia Médica 16, 3 y 4, 119-124.
McGuigan, W., Vuchinich, S., Pratt, C., (2000). Domestic Violence, Parents´View of their Infant, and Risk for child abuse. Journal of Family psychology. 14 (4) 613-624.
Miller, B.A.; Maguin, E., y Downs, W.R. (1997). Alcohol, drugs and violence in children´s lives. In: Galanter, M., ed. Recent Developments in Alcoholism. 13, 357-385.
Milner, J.S (1993). Social information processing and physical child abuse. Clinical psychology review. 13, 275-294.
Milner, J. S. (1995). La aplicación de la teoría del procesamiento de información social al problema del maltrato físico a niños. Infancia y Aprendizaje. 71,125 -134.
Milner, J. S (2000). Social Information Processing and Child Physical Abuse: Theory and Research. En Motivation and Child Maltreatment. Estados Unidos de America: University of Nebraska Press.
Milner, J. S (2003). Social information processing in high risk and physically abusive parents. Child abuse & Neglect. 27, (1), 7-20.
Monteleone, J (1996). Recognition of child abuse. Medical Publishing. United States of America.
Morton, T.L., Twentyman, C.Y. y Azar, S.T. (1988). Cognitive-behavioral assessment and treatment of child abuse. En N. Epsten, S.E. Schlesinger y W. Dryden (Eds). Cognitive-behavioral therapy with families. (pp.87 - 117). Nueva York: Brunner/Mazel.
National Research Council (1993). Understanding Child Abuse and Neglect. National Academy Press, Washington D.C.
Opazo (1984). Cognición y Afecto en terapia conductual. Revista de análisis del comportamiento. 2, 213 - 248.
Pernanen, K (1976) Alcohol and crimes of violence. In B. Kissin & H. Begleiter (Eds). The biology of alcoholism: Social aspects of alcoholism. New York: Plenum Press.
Ramírez, C., (2000). Co-ocurrencia de comportamientos violentos y adictivos en jóvenes y adultos en ciudades colombianas. Acta Colombiana de Psicología. 4, 63 -78.
Ramírez, C., (2002). Modelo integrado de evaluación clínica en el maltrato infantil: una aproximación cognoscitivo-conductual. Acta Colombiana de psicología. 7, 10- 16.
Secretaría de Salud de Bogotá (2003) Sistema de vigilancia epidemiológica de violencia intrafamiliar. SIVIM. Bogotá.
Slep, A., Smith, y O´Leary, S., (1998). The Effects of Maternal Attributions on Parenting: An Experimental Analysis. Journal of Family Psychology. 12(2) 234-243.
Spatz, C, W., y Hiller-Sturmhofel, S (2001). Alcohol abuse as a risk factor for and consequence of child abuse. Journal Alcohol Research and Health. 25, 1, 52-57.
Steele, C., & Josephs, R. (1990). Alcohol myopia: Its prized and dangerous effects. American Psychologist. 45, 921-933.
Taylor, S & Leonard, K (1983). Alcohol and human physical aggression. In R. Geen & E.Donnerstein (Eds). Aggression: Theoretical and empirical reviews. New York: Academic Press.
Tomison, A.M (2001a) Child maltreatment and substance abuse. National child protection clearinghouse. Recuperado en noviembre 18, 2001. Disponible en http://www.aifs.org.au/nch/discussion2.html.
Trickett, P., y Susman, E., (1988). Parental Perceptions of Child-Rearing Practices in Physically Abusive and Nonabusive Families. Developmental Psychology. 24(2). 270-276.
https://actacolombianapsicologia.ucatolica.edu.co/article/download/430/430
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Text
Publication
institution UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DE COLOMBIA
thumbnail https://nuevo.metarevistas.org/UNIVERSIDADCATOLICADECOLOMBIA/logo.png
country_str Colombia
collection Acta Colombiana de Psicología
title Factores cognoscitivos de los padres, asociados con la co-ocurrencia del consumo de alcohol y el maltrato físico a los hijos.
spellingShingle Factores cognoscitivos de los padres, asociados con la co-ocurrencia del consumo de alcohol y el maltrato físico a los hijos.
Hewitt Ramírez, Nohelia
Cognitive factors
Attributes
Beliefs
Expectations
Abuse
Physical abuse
Cooccurrence
Alcohol consumption
Factores cognoscitivos
Atribuciones
Creencias
Expectativas
Maltrato
Maltrato físico
Co-ocurrencia
Consumo de alcohol
title_short Factores cognoscitivos de los padres, asociados con la co-ocurrencia del consumo de alcohol y el maltrato físico a los hijos.
title_full Factores cognoscitivos de los padres, asociados con la co-ocurrencia del consumo de alcohol y el maltrato físico a los hijos.
title_fullStr Factores cognoscitivos de los padres, asociados con la co-ocurrencia del consumo de alcohol y el maltrato físico a los hijos.
title_full_unstemmed Factores cognoscitivos de los padres, asociados con la co-ocurrencia del consumo de alcohol y el maltrato físico a los hijos.
title_sort factores cognoscitivos de los padres, asociados con la co-ocurrencia del consumo de alcohol y el maltrato físico a los hijos.
title_eng Factores cognoscitivos de los padres, asociados con la co-ocurrencia del consumo de alcohol y el maltrato físico a los hijos.
description La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar los factores cognoscitivos: atribuciones, creencias y expectativas de los padres asociados con la co-ocurrencia del consumo de alcohol y el maltrato físico a sus hijos. Se realizó una investigación descriptiva correlacional. Mediante un muestreo intencional se seleccionaron 263 padres/madres biológicos con una edad promedio de 33.9 años; de estratos socioeconómicos uno, dos y tres, con un nivel educativo mínimo de primaria y con hijos e hijas de 7-12 años los que se distribuyeron en cuatro grupos así: grupo 1: abusadores físicos; grupo 2: consumidores de alcohol; grupo 3: abusadores físicos y consumidores de alcohol; grupo 4: no abusadores físicos y no consumidores de alcohol. Se diseñaron, validaron y aplicaron dos instrumentos: uno para evaluar los factores cognoscitivos de los padres y otro para evaluar la coocurrencia del consumo de alcohol y el maltrato físico a los hijos. Se hizo un análisis multivariado de regresión múltiple y un ANOVA con comparaciones post-hoc. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los puntajes presentados entre los grupos de padres en el instrumento de evaluación de los factores cognoscitivos. Se logró establecer que los factores cognoscitivos de los padres, atribuciones y expectativas son una variable determinante en la co-ocurrencia del maltrato físico a los hijos y el consumo de alcohol. Adicionalmente, se encontró que dicha co-ocurrencia es directa, indirecta y circular.
description_eng The purpose of this project was to establish the relationship between parental cognitive factors as attributions, beliefs and expectations; and the co-ocurrence of alcohol consumption and child physical abuse. A descriptive correlational research was conducted. Participants were 263 parents (fathers and mothers as well) selected by intentional sample. Age average was 33. 9 mean, their socioeconomic status was 1 to 3 and their educational level was minimum of primary school, their children ages were from 7 to 12. Groups were divided as following: Group 1: Physical child abusers, group 2: Alcohol consumers, group 3: Physical child abuser and alcohol consumers, group 4: None of the previous conditions instruments were designed and validated by the psychometric methodology: 1) cognitive parents factors scale. 2) co-ocurrence alcohol and child abuse scale. A multiple regression analysis was carried on, and an anova post hoc comparison were made as well significant statistical differences were found bettwen different parents groups in the cognitive factors variable. Results showed that parents cognitive factors are related to co-ocurrence of alcohol consumption and child abuse, but expectations an attributions are a more predictable dimension of this phenomena additionally, it was confirmed co-ocurrence cathegories as: Direct, indirect and circular.
author Hewitt Ramírez, Nohelia
author_facet Hewitt Ramírez, Nohelia
topic Cognitive factors
Attributes
Beliefs
Expectations
Abuse
Physical abuse
Cooccurrence
Alcohol consumption
Factores cognoscitivos
Atribuciones
Creencias
Expectativas
Maltrato
Maltrato físico
Co-ocurrencia
Consumo de alcohol
topic_facet Cognitive factors
Attributes
Beliefs
Expectations
Abuse
Physical abuse
Cooccurrence
Alcohol consumption
Factores cognoscitivos
Atribuciones
Creencias
Expectativas
Maltrato
Maltrato físico
Co-ocurrencia
Consumo de alcohol
topicspa_str_mv Factores cognoscitivos
Atribuciones
Creencias
Expectativas
Maltrato
Maltrato físico
Co-ocurrencia
Consumo de alcohol
citationissue 13
publisher Universidad Católica de Colombia
ispartofjournal Acta Colombiana de Psicología
source https://actacolombianapsicologia.ucatolica.edu.co/article/view/430
language spa
format Article
rights https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Nohelia Hewitt Ramírez - 2005
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
references Abramson, L.Y., Seligman, M.E.P., y Teasdale, J.D., (1978). Learned helplessness in humans: Critique and reformulation. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. 87, 49-74.
Ammerman, R., Kolko, D y Kirisci, L., Blackson, T., Dawes, M., (1999). Child Abuse potential in parents with histories of substance use disorder. Child abuse & Neglect. 23(12) 1225-1238.
Appel, A., Holden, G., (1998). The Cooccurrence of Spouse and Physical Child Abuse: A Review and Appraisal. Journal of Family Psychology. 12(4) 578-599.
Belsky, J (1993). Etiology of Child Maltreatment: A Developmental – Ecological Analysis. Psychological Bulletin. 114 (3). 413-434.
Black, D.A., Shumacher,J.A, Slep, S., y Heyman, R.E. (1999). Risk factors for child physical abuse. C.M. Allen, Editor. Retrieved from CYFERnet Web Site.
Blackson, T,C., Tarter, R.E., Loeber, R., Ammerman, R.T., & Windle, M. (1996). The influence of parental substance abuse and difficult temperament in fathers and son on sons´ disengagement from family to deviant peers. Journal of Youth and Adolescent. 25 389-411.
Bugental, D., Johnston, C., New, M., y Silvester, J., (1998). Measuring parental attributions: Conceptual and Methodological Issues. Journal of Family Psychology. 12 (4) 459-480.
Caselles, C., and Milner, J (2000). Evaluations of child transgressions, disciplinary choice, and expected child compliance in a no-cry and crying infant condition in physically abusive and comparison mothers. Child Abuse & Neglect. 24 (4). 477-491.
Cichetti, D. and Olsen, K (1990). The developmental psychopathology of child maltreatment. En M. Lewis and S. Miller (eds). Handbook of developmental psychopathology. Plenum Press, New York.
Curtis, J. M (1986). Factors in the sexual abuse of children. Psychological reports. 58. 591-597.
Dadds, M; Mullins, M; McAllister, R; & Atkinson, E. (2003). Attributions, affect, and behavior in abuse-risk mother: a laboratory study. Child abuse & Neglect. 27, (1), 21-45.
Dagget, J., O´Brien, M., Zanolli, K., Peyton, V. (2000). Parent´s Attitudes About Children: Associations With Parental Life Hstories and Child-Rearing Quality. Journal of Family Psychology. 14(2) 187-199.
Daro, M (1988). Confronting Child Abuse: Research for Effective Program Design. Fress Press, New York.
Dopke, C., and Milner, J (2000). Impact of child noncompliance on stress appraisals, attributions and disciplinary choices in mothers at high and low risk for child physical abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect. 24 (4) 493-504.
Dopke, C., Lundahl, B., Dunsterville, E., and Lovejoy, M.C (2003). Interpretations of child compliance in individuals at high -low - risk forn child physical abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect 27 (3) 285-302.
Duque, L.F., Klevens, J., Ramírez, C., (1997). Estudio de Epidemiología de la Violencia en Santafé de Bogotá. Assalud - Colciencias.
Giancola, P. (2000). Executive Functioning: A conceptual framework for Alcohol-related Aggression. Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology. 8(4) 576-597.
Hayes, H. R. y Emshoff, J.G. (1993). Substance abuse and family violence. In R.L. Hampton, T.P. Gullotta, G.R. Adams, E.H. Potter III and R.P. Weissberg (Eds), Family Violence: Prevention and Treatment, Issues in children´s an families´ Lives. Vol 1, Sage Publications, Newbury Park, California.
Hewitt y Rozo (2000). Relación entre el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas de los padres y la presencia de maltrato infantil en los niños ubicados en instituciones de protección. Proyecto Docente. Facultad de Psicología. Universidad Católica de Colombia.
Huizinga, D. y Jakob-Chien, C., (1998). The contemporaneus co-ocurrence of serious and violent juvenile offending and other problem behaviors. En: Loebeer y D.P. Farrington (1998). Eds. Serious and violent juvenile offenders. London, Sage Publications.
Johnson, J., y Leff,, M., (1999) Children of substance abusers: Overview of Research Findings. Pediatrics. 103(5). 1085-1099
Kaplan, S.(1999). Child and adolescent abuse and neglect research: A review of the past 10 years. Part : Physical and emotional abuse and neglect. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent psychiatry. 38 (10) 1214-1222.
Kelly, J.A. (1983). Treating child abusive families: Intervention based on skills-training principles. New York: Plenum Press.
Kempe, C.H., Silverman, F.N, Steele, B.F., Droegemuller, W. and Silver, H.K. (1962). The battered chld syndrome. Journal of the American Medical Association. 18 (1), 17 -24.
Klevens, J., Ardila, S., Bayón, M.C, Ramírez, C., Sierra, M., Uribe., N y Vargas, E. (1998). Prevención primaria del maltrato infantil: ensayo controlado de cinco intervenciones. Bogotá. Secretaría Distrital de Salud.
Klevens, J., Bayón, M.C., and Sierra, M. (2000). Risk Factors and Context of Men who Physically abuse in Bogotá, Colombia. Journal Child Abuse & Neglect. 24 (3) 323-332.
Levy, G., Guzmán, N., y Starck, C. (1985) Niños maltratados. Informe de 43 casos observados en el Hospital Universidad del Valle. Colombia Médica 16, 3 y 4, 119-124.
McGuigan, W., Vuchinich, S., Pratt, C., (2000). Domestic Violence, Parents´View of their Infant, and Risk for child abuse. Journal of Family psychology. 14 (4) 613-624.
Miller, B.A.; Maguin, E., y Downs, W.R. (1997). Alcohol, drugs and violence in children´s lives. In: Galanter, M., ed. Recent Developments in Alcoholism. 13, 357-385.
Milner, J.S (1993). Social information processing and physical child abuse. Clinical psychology review. 13, 275-294.
Milner, J. S. (1995). La aplicación de la teoría del procesamiento de información social al problema del maltrato físico a niños. Infancia y Aprendizaje. 71,125 -134.
Milner, J. S (2000). Social Information Processing and Child Physical Abuse: Theory and Research. En Motivation and Child Maltreatment. Estados Unidos de America: University of Nebraska Press.
Milner, J. S (2003). Social information processing in high risk and physically abusive parents. Child abuse & Neglect. 27, (1), 7-20.
Monteleone, J (1996). Recognition of child abuse. Medical Publishing. United States of America.
Morton, T.L., Twentyman, C.Y. y Azar, S.T. (1988). Cognitive-behavioral assessment and treatment of child abuse. En N. Epsten, S.E. Schlesinger y W. Dryden (Eds). Cognitive-behavioral therapy with families. (pp.87 - 117). Nueva York: Brunner/Mazel.
National Research Council (1993). Understanding Child Abuse and Neglect. National Academy Press, Washington D.C.
Opazo (1984). Cognición y Afecto en terapia conductual. Revista de análisis del comportamiento. 2, 213 - 248.
Pernanen, K (1976) Alcohol and crimes of violence. In B. Kissin & H. Begleiter (Eds). The biology of alcoholism: Social aspects of alcoholism. New York: Plenum Press.
Ramírez, C., (2000). Co-ocurrencia de comportamientos violentos y adictivos en jóvenes y adultos en ciudades colombianas. Acta Colombiana de Psicología. 4, 63 -78.
Ramírez, C., (2002). Modelo integrado de evaluación clínica en el maltrato infantil: una aproximación cognoscitivo-conductual. Acta Colombiana de psicología. 7, 10- 16.
Secretaría de Salud de Bogotá (2003) Sistema de vigilancia epidemiológica de violencia intrafamiliar. SIVIM. Bogotá.
Slep, A., Smith, y O´Leary, S., (1998). The Effects of Maternal Attributions on Parenting: An Experimental Analysis. Journal of Family Psychology. 12(2) 234-243.
Spatz, C, W., y Hiller-Sturmhofel, S (2001). Alcohol abuse as a risk factor for and consequence of child abuse. Journal Alcohol Research and Health. 25, 1, 52-57.
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